饲粮中添加绿原酸对母兔繁殖性能及其仔兔生长性能的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在探究饲粮中添加绿原酸(chlorogenic acid，CGA)对母兔繁殖性能及其仔兔生长性能的影响，确定CGA的适宜添加量。【方法】选取460只体重和胎次相近的伊拉母兔，随机分为5组，分别为对照组(基础饲粮)、CGA200组(基础饲粮＋200 mg/kg CGA)、CGA400组(基础饲粮＋400 mg/kg CGA)、CGA600组(基础饲粮＋600 mg/kg CGA)和CGA800组(基础饲粮＋800 mg/kg CGA)。试验自母兔配种前6 d至分娩后35 d (仔兔断奶)结束。母兔妊娠15 d采集血液样本，用于检测血清孕酮和雌二醇水平，以及总抗氧化能力(total antioxidant capacity，T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase，SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase，GSH-Px)活性、丙二醛(malondialdehyde，MDA)含量；记录每只母兔分娩后产仔情况，包括产仔率、窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、窝产仔重、窝产活仔重和死胎数，并计算受胎率与活仔率；记录仔兔7、14、21及35 d的窝仔兔数，称量仔兔窝重并计算仔兔平均体重。【结果】与对照组相比，①CGA400组母兔窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、初生总窝重和初生活仔窝重显著提高(P＜0.05)，CGA800组初生总窝重和初生活仔窝重显著增加(P＜0.05)。②CGA400、CGA600和CGA800组的7 d仔兔窝重和仔兔平均体重显著增加(P＜0.05)，CGA600组的14 d仔兔平均体重显著增加(P＜0.05)，CGA400、CGA600和CGA800组的21 d仔兔窝重显著增加(P＜0.05)，所有CGA组35 d断奶仔兔窝重均显著提高(P＜0.05)。③CGA200、CGA400和CGA600组母兔妊娠期间平均日采食量均显著提高(P＜0.05)。④CGA400组母兔妊娠15 d时血清雌二醇水平，CGA400和CGA600组血清T-AOC均显著提高(P＜0.05)，所有CGA组SOD和GSH-Px活性均显著提高(P＜0.05)，且血清MDA水平显著降低(P＜0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加适量CGA能够改善母兔繁殖性能并促进仔兔生长，同时降低妊娠期母兔氧化应激水平，以400 mg/kg添加量效果最佳。

关键词: 绿原酸; 母兔; 繁殖性能; 仔兔; 氧化应激

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was conducted to investigate the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) supplementation on reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth of their offspring,as well as to screen optimal dosage of CGA.【Method】 Four hundred and sixty Hyla female rabbits with similar body weight and parity were randomly divided into five groups:Control group (basal diet),CGA200 group (basal diet＋200 mg/kg CGA),CGA400 group (basal diet＋400 mg/kg CGA),CGA600 group (basal diet＋600 mg/kg CGA),and CGA800 group (basal diet＋800 mg/kg CGA).The test diets were administered from 6 d before female rabbits mating until 35 d postpartum (weaning of suckling rabbits).Blood samples were collected from pregnant female rabbits on 15 d of pregnancy for the assessment of serum progesterone and estradiol levels,as well as the determination of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC),activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.The postpartum performance of each female rabbit was recorded,including conception rate,litter size,number of live-born kits,weight of live-born kits,total litter weight,and number of kits born dead.Furthermore,the conception rate and live birth rate were calculated based on this data.Additionally,the number of kits per litter and the litter weight were recorded in a fasted state at 7,14,21,and 35 d,and the average weight of kits was calculated based on these parameters.【Result】 Compared to the control group,①The treatment of CGA400 significantly increased the litter size,the number of kits born alive,the total litter weight,and the litter weight born alive (P＜0.05).The treatment of CGA800 significantly increased the total litter weight and the litter weight born alive (P＜0.05).②The litter weight and average weight of kits at 7 days were significantly increased in CGA400,CGA600,and CGA800 groups (P＜0.05),and the average weight of kits at 14 days was significantly increased in CGA600 group (P＜0.05).The litter weight at 21 days were significantly increased in CGA400,CGA600,and CGA800 groups (P＜0.05),and the litter weight of the weaning kits at 35 days were significantly improved in all groups supplemented with CGA (P＜0.05).③The average daily feed intake during pregnancy was significantly increased in CGA200,CGA400,and CGA600 groups (P＜0.05).④The serum estradiol level at 15 days of pregnancy was significantly elevated in group CGA400 (P＜0.05),and the serum level of total antioxidant capacity were significantly increased in CGA400 and CGA600 groups (P＜0.05).The activities of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly enhanced in all CGA groups (P<0.05),while malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum was significantly reduced (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Dietary supplementation of appropriate amount of CGA could improve reproductive performance of female rabbit,promote growth of suckling rabbits,and reduce oxidative stress levels in female rabbits,and the best effect was achieved with a dosage of 400 mg/kg.

Key words: chlorogenic acid; female rabbits; reproductive performance; suckling rabbits; oxidative stress

中图分类号:

S829.1

陶思名, 梁慧, 颜畅, 龙润泽, 徐睿卿, 李子胥, 吴英杰, 刘宁, 秦应和. 饲粮中添加绿原酸对母兔繁殖性能及其仔兔生长性能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(3): 1080-1088.

TAO Siming, LIANG Hui, YAN Chang, LONG Runze, XU Ruiqing, LI Zixu, WU Yingjie, LIU Ning, QIN Yinghe. Effects of Dietary Chlorogenic Acid on Reproductive Performance of Female Rabbits and Growth of Suckling Rabbits[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(3): 1080-1088.

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