三萜类化合物对肠道炎症的药理作用

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.05.043

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 三萜类化合物是一类富含多种异戊二烯单元的天然产物,其具有抗炎、抗氧化等生物活性,并在缓解肠道炎症方面具有潜在的治疗效果。首先,三萜类化合物可通过抑制炎性介质(白细胞介素、前列腺素、肿瘤坏死因子)及其相关信号通路来减少炎性因子的分泌,起到抗肠道炎症的作用;其次,三萜类化合物通过改善活性氧的产生,平衡氧化还原系统,降低氧化应激损伤,达到抗炎的作用;再次,三萜类化合物也能通过调节NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3)炎性小体、多条信号通路(NF-κB/MAPK/Nrf2信号通路)来改善免疫球蛋白和补体水平含量达到免疫平衡作用;第四,三萜类化合物还可通过促进紧密连接蛋白表达,修复损伤的肠道黏膜上皮,提高肠道屏障功能,减少刺激性物质的渗透来抑制肠道炎症;另外,三萜类化合物与肠道菌群间具有紧密联系,能维持肠道微生物稳定,保持肠道上皮屏障的完整性,减少肠道炎症的发生。综上,三萜类化合物通过调控炎症、氧化应激、免疫平衡、黏膜屏障、肠道微生物5个途径,发挥对肠道炎症的保护作用。目前对于三萜类化合物的研究还存在一些限制和挑战,本综述为进一步探索、开发和利用三萜类化合物提供了重要参考,为其在肠道炎症治疗领域的应用提供了新的思路。

关键词: 三萜类化合物; 肠道炎症; 氧化应激; 免疫平衡; 肠道黏膜屏障

Abstract: Triterpenoids are a class of natural compounds of multiple isoprene units.They have various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory,antioxidant properties and potential therapeutic effects in relieving intestinal inflammation.Firstly,triterpenoids exert their anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the secretion of inflammatory mediators (interleukins,prostaglandins,tumor necrosis factor) and their related signaling pathways,thereby reducing the production of intestinal inflammation.Secondly,triterpenoids improve the generation of reactive oxygen species,balance the redox system,and reduce oxidative stress damage,leading to their anti-inflammatory properties.Moreover,triterpenoids regulate the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and multiple signaling pathways (NF-κB/MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathways) to improve the levels of immunoglobulins and complement,so achieving immune balance.Fourthly,triterpenoids promote the expression of tight junction proteins,repair damaged intestinal mucosal epithelium,enhance intestinal barrier function,and reduce the penetration of irritants,thus inhibiting intestinal inflammation.Furthermore,triterpenoids exhibit a close relationship with the gut microbiota.They can maintain gut microbiota stability,preserve the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier,and reduce the occurrence of intestinal inflammation.In conclusion,triterpenoids protect against intestinal inflammation by regulating inflammation,oxidative stress,immune balance,mucosal barrier and gut microbiota.Although there are certain limitations and challenges in the current research on triterpenoids,this review provides an important reference for further exploration,development and utilization of triterpenoids,and offer new ideas for their application in the field of intestinal inflammation.

Key words: triterpenoids; intestinal inflammation; oxidative stress; immune balance; intestinal mucosal barrier

中图分类号:

刘李林, 谭宇, 杨帆, 易金娥. 三萜类化合物对肠道炎症的药理作用[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(5): 2228-2236.

LIU Lilin, TAN Yu, YANG Fan, YI Jine. Pharmacological Effects of Triterpenoids on Intestinal Inflammation[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(5): 2228-2236.

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