不同生长阶段滩羊背最长肌转录组比较

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】本研究旨在挖掘影响不同生长阶段滩羊背最长肌脂肪沉积的差异基因。【方法】分别采集3、6、9月龄滩羊的背最长肌，提取RNA后构建文库。采用Illumian软件对数据进行过滤、质控、比对，使用HTSeq统计后以P_adj(校正后的P值)＜0.05和|log₂FoldChange|＞1作为标准筛选差异表达基因，并对基因进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析，随机选取5个基因进行实时荧光定量PCR验证。【结果】与3月龄相比，6月龄筛选到129个差异表达基因(上调47个，下调82个)；9月龄筛选到521个差异表达基因(上调119个，下调402个)；与6月龄相比，9月龄筛选到207个差异表达基因(上调45个，下调162个)。GO功能富集结果显示，与3月龄相比，6月龄差异表达基因富集到花生四烯酸单加氧酶活性、磷酸甘油酸脱氢酶活性等过程；9月龄差异表达基因富集到胞质钙离子的正调控、多细胞生物发育的调控等过程；与6月龄相比，9月龄差异表达基因富集到细胞内钙介导的信号传导、脂质磷酸酶活性等过程。KEGG通路注释结果显示，与3月龄相比，6月龄差异表达基因主要富集在胆固醇代谢、氨基糖和核苷酸糖的代谢等信号通路；9月龄差异表达基因主要富集在细胞外基质受体相互作用、胰岛素抵抗等信号通路；与6月龄相比，9月龄差异表达基因主要富集在c-AMP信号通路、生长激素的合成、分泌和作用等信号通路。FGF10、ADCY7等5个基因的实时荧光定量PCR验证结果与转录组测序结果一致。【结论】通过对不同月龄滩羊的背最长肌进行转录组测序分析，筛选出FGF10、STAR可作为3、6月龄滩羊背最长肌脂肪沉积调控的候选基因，ADCY7、CNR1作为6、9月龄滩羊背最长肌脂肪沉积调控的候选基因，PPARGC1A、SLC2A4作为3、9月龄滩羊背最长肌脂肪沉积调控的候选基因。研究结果可为进一步探究不同生长阶段滩羊背最长肌脂肪沉积提供理论依据。

关键词: 滩羊; 转录组; 脂肪; 背最长肌

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to explore the differential genes affecting fat deposition in longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep at different growth stages.【Method】 The longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep aged 3,6 and 9 months was collected for RNA extraction and library construction.The data was filtered,quality controlled,and compared using Illumian software.After HTSeq statistics,P_adj (corrected P-value)＜0.05 and |log₂FoldChange|＞1 were used as criteria to screen different expressed genes, GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed for genes, and Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to verify the 5 randomly selected genes.【Result】 Compared with 3 months of age,129 differentially expressed genes (47 up-regulated and 82 down-regulated) were detected at 6 months of age and 521 differentially expressed genes (119 up-regulated and 402 down-regulated) were detected at 9 months of age.Compared with 6 months of age,207 differentially expressed genes (45 up-regulated and 162 down-regulated) were detected at 9 months of age.GO function enrichment results showed that,compared with 3 months of age,the differentially expressed genes were enriched to arachidonic acid monooxygenase activity and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase activity at 6 months of age and enriched to the positive regulation of cytoplasmic calcium ions,multicellular biological development regulation and other processes at 9 months of age.Compared with 6 months old,9 months old differentially expressed genes were enriched to intracellular calcium-mediated signal transduction and lipid phosphatase activity.The annotation results of KEGG pathway showed that compared with 3 months old,the differentially expressed genes at 6 months of age were mainly concentrated in the signaling pathways of cholesterol metabolism,amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism and the differentially expressed genes at 9 months of age were mainly concentrated in signaling pathways such as extracellular matrix receptor interaction and insulin resistance.Compared with 6 months of age,the differentially expressed genes at 9 months of age were mainly concentrated in c-AMP signaling pathway,synthesis,secretion and action of growth hormone.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results of 5 randomly selected genes,including FGF10 and ADCY7,were consistent with transcriptome sequencing results.【Conclusion】 Through transcriptomic sequencing analysis of longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep at different ages,FGF10 and STAR were selected as candidate genes for the regulation of fat deposition in longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep at 3 and 6 months of age,and ADCY7 and CNR1 were selected as candidate genes for the regulation of fat deposition in longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep at 6 and 9 months of age.PPARGC1A and SLC2A4 were selected as candidate genes for the regulation of fat deposition in longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep aged 3 and 9 months.The results provided theoretical basis for further investigation of fat deposition in longissimus dorsi muscle of Tan sheep at different growth stages.

Key words: Tan sheep; transcriptome; fat; longissimus dorsi muscle

中图分类号:

S826

杜佳文, 任文义, 徐晓锋, 张力莉. 不同生长阶段滩羊背最长肌转录组比较[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(3): 1011-1021.

DU Jiawen, REN Wenyi, XU Xiaofeng, ZHANG Lili. Comparison of the Transcriptome of Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Tan Sheep at Different Growth Stages[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(3): 1011-1021.

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