诃子提取物对脂多糖刺激肉鸡肠道和肝脏损伤的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.08.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究诃子提取物(chebuli extract,CE)对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)刺激肉鸡肠道形态、肠道和肝脏炎症反应的影响,以期为功能性饲料添加剂的开发提供理论依据。【方法】采用双因素试验设计,选取40只健康的1日龄罗斯308肉鸡,随机分为2组:对照组和CE处理组,每组5个重复,每个重复4只鸡。对照组肉鸡饲喂基础饲粮,CE处理组肉鸡在基础饲粮基础上添加1 000 mg/kg诃子提取物。试验期29 d。第29天,从每个重复中取2只肉鸡腹腔注射1 mg/kg BW LPS,另2只肉鸡腹腔注射等体积生理盐水。注射LPS 3 h后屠宰肉鸡,采集肝脏、脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊并称重,计算脏器系数,并检测肠道组织形态、肠道屏障功能相关基因、肠道和肝脏炎症反应相关基因的表达水平。【结果】①与未经LPS刺激肉鸡相比,LPS刺激显著降低了肉鸡十二指肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度和绒毛面积,以及空肠绒毛高度、回肠绒毛面积(P＜0.05);添加诃子提取物显著降低了肉鸡空肠的隐窝深度,显著升高了空肠和回肠的绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度、绒毛面积(P＜0.05)。在LPS刺激下,添加诃子提取物显著升高了肉鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛高度,以及十二指肠和回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度、空肠和回肠的绒毛面积(P＜0.05)。②与未经LPS刺激肉鸡相比,添加诃子提取物显著提高了肉鸡黏蛋白2(Mucin-2)、闭锁小带蛋白1(zonula occluden-1,ZO-1)、闭锁蛋白(Occludin)基因表达量(P＜0.05)。在LPS刺激下,添加诃子提取物显著上调了肉鸡Claudin-1、Mucin-2、ZO-1基因表达量(P＜0.05)。③与未经LPS刺激肉鸡相比,LPS刺激显著提高了肉鸡肝脏基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metallopeptidase 9,MMP9)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、IL-8和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)基因表达量(P＜0.05);添加诃子提取物显著下调了肉鸡肝脏MMP9、IL-1β和IL-8基因表达量(P＜0.05)。在LPS刺激下,添加诃子提取物显著下调了肉鸡肝脏MMP9和γ-干扰素 (interferon-γ,IFN-γ)基因表达量(P＜0.05)。【结论】诃子提取物改善了LPS刺激肉鸡肠道形态结构,提高了肠道屏障功能,且具有缓解LPS刺激肉鸡肝脏炎症反应作用。研究结果为将诃子提取物作为天然饲料添加剂的应用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 诃子提取物; 脂多糖; 肉鸡; 肝脏; 肠道健康

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was conducted to investigate the effect of chebuli extract (CE) on the intestinal morphology,intestinal and liver inflammatory responses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated broilers,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development of functional feed additives.【Method】 This experiment adopted a two-factor experimental design.40 healthy 1-day-old Ross 308 broilers were selected and randomly divided into control and CE treatment groups.Each group had 5 replicates with 4 broilers in each replicate.The broilers in control group were fed basal diet,and broilers in CE treatment group was supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg CE on the basis of basal diet.The experimental period was 29 days.On the 29th day,2 broilers in each replicate were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg BW LPS,and the other 2 broilers were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline.Slaughter sampling was performed 3 h after LPS injection.The liver,spleen,thymus and bursa of Fabricius of broilers were weighed to calculate organ coefficients.Intestinal tissue morphology,intestinal barrier-related genes,and intestinal and liver inflammation-related genes of broilers were measured.【Result】 ① Compared with broilers without LPS stimulation,LPS stimulation significantly reduced villus height,crypt depth,villus height/crypt depth and villus area of duodenum,and jejunum villus height and ileum villus area in broilers (P＜0.05);Adding CE significantly reduced the jejunum crypt depth,and significantly increased villus height,villus height/crypt depth and villus area of jejunum and ileum (P＜0.05).Compared with LPS-stimulated broilers,adding CE significantly increased villus height of duodenum,jejunum and ileum,villus height/crypt depth of duodenum and ileum,and villus area of jejunum and ileum (P＜0.05).② Compared with broilers without LPS stimulation,adding CE significantly increased the expression of Mucin-2,zonula occludin 1 (ZO-1) and Occludin genes in broilers (P＜0.05).Compared with LPS-stimulated broilers,adding CE significantly increased the expression of Claudin-1, Mucin-2 and ZO-1 genes in broilers (P＜0.05).③ Compared with broilers without LPS stimulation,LPS stimulation significantly increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) genes in liver of broilers (P＜0.05);Adding CE significantly reduced the expression of MMP9,IL-1β and IL-8 genes in liver of broilers (P＜0.05).Compared with LPS-stimulated broilers,adding CE significantly decreased the expression of MMP9 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) genes in liver of broilers (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 CE improved the intestinal morphology and structure of LPS-stimulated broilers,enhanced the intestinal barrier function,and mitigated the inflammatory response in liver of LPS-stimulated broilers.The results provided a theoretical basis for the application of CE as a natural feed additive.

Key words: chebuli extract; lipopolysaccharide; broilers; liver; intestinal health

中图分类号:

S816.7

张晓涵, 孙岚源, 宋转, 侯永清, 吴涛. 诃子提取物对脂多糖刺激肉鸡肠道和肝脏损伤的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(8): 3267-3278.

ZHANG Xiaohan, SUN Lanyuan, SONG Zhuan, HOU Yongqing, WU Tao. Effect of Chebuli Extract on Intestinal and Liver Damage Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Broilers[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(8): 3267-3278.

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