北京五区犬猫肠道冠状病毒感染的监测与分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.12.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】调查北京地区犬猫肠道冠状病毒的感染情况,探索犬猫冠状病毒感染与年龄、季节的相关性,为犬猫冠状病毒病的防治提供参考。【方法】根据各病原基因保守区域序列设计特异性引物,采用PCR或RT-PCR方法,对采集的402份犬猫肛拭子(犬样本192份、猫样本210份)分别进行犬猫冠状病毒检测,并进行犬猫细小病毒、犬星状病毒(CaAstV)的混合感染检测。通过卡方检验对犬冠状病毒(CCoV)和猫冠状病毒(FCoV)感染与季节的相关性进行统计学分析,通过回归统计对CCoV、FCoV感染率与年龄的相关性进行分析,根据临床样本信息统计北京五区的犬猫免疫情况。【结果】192例犬样本中CCoV阳性率为44.27%(85/192),CCoV、犬细小病毒(CPV)混合感染率为34.12%(29/85),未检测到CaAstV阳性样本。210例猫样本中FCoV阳性率为45.71%(96/210),FCoV、猫泛白细胞减少症病毒(FPV)混合感染率为60.42%(58/96)。192例犬样本中,健康犬CCoV阳性率为19.39%(19/98),患病犬CCoV阳性率为70.21%(66/94)。210例猫样本中,健康猫FCoV阳性率为24.41%(31/127),患病猫FCoV阳性率为78.31%(65/83)。CCoV在冬季的检出率最高,为42.35%(36/85);FCoV四季检出率相近,冬季检出率相对较高,为29.17%(28/85)。在不同年龄段中,犬CCoV阳性率为28.6%~87.8%,其中0~3月龄犬CCoV阳性率高达87.8%,为CCoV主要发病群体;猫FCoV阳性率为36.4%~53.8%,各年龄段间无显著差异(P>0.05)。【结论】北京五区犬猫肠道冠状病毒的感染率较高,且在冬季更易流行,各年龄段犬猫CCoV、FCoV的检出率无显著差异,临床多出现冠状病毒与细小病毒混合感染的情况。

关键词: 犬猫; 冠状病毒; 细小病毒; 星状病毒; 流行病学

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to investigate the intestinal Coronavirus infection in dogs and cats in Beijing,and to explore the correlation between canine and feline Coronavirus infection and age,season,etc.,in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of canine and feline Coronavirus disease.【Method】 Specific primers were designed according to the conserved regions of each pathogen.PCR or RT-PCR were used to detect canine and feline Coronavirus from 402 canine and feline anal swabs (192 canine and 210 feline samples),and to detect the mixed infection of canine and feline Parvovirus and Canine astrovirus (CaAstV).Chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between Canine coronavirus (CCoV) and Feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection and season.Regression statistics were used to analyze the relationship between CCoV and FCoV infection and age.According to the clinical sample information,the immunization situation of dogs and cats in the five districts of Beijing was analyzed.【Result】 In 192 canine samples,the positive rate of CCoV was 44.27% (85/192),and the mixed infection rate of CCoV and Canine parvorius (CPV) was 34.12% (29/85), no CaAstV positive samples were detected.In 192 feline samples,the positive rate of FCoV was 45.71% (96/210),and the mixed infection rate of FCoV and Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) was 60.42% (58/96).Among 192 canine samples,the positive rate of CCoV was 19.39% (19/98) in healthy dogs and 70.21% (66/94) in diseased dogs.Among 210 feline samples,the positive rate of FCoV was 24.41% (31/127) in healthy cats and 78.31% (65/83) in sick cats.The highest detection rate of CCoV in winter was 42.35% (36/85).The detection rate of FCoV in four seasons was similar,and the detection rate in winter was relatively high (29.17% (28/85)).In different age groups,the positive rate of CCoV was 28.6%-87.8%,and the positive rate of CCoV was 87.8% in dogs aged 0 to 3 months,which was the main group of CCoV incidence.The positive rate of FCoV was 36.4% to 53.8% in different age groups,and there was no significant difference among different age groups (P>0.05).【Conclusion】 The infection rate of intestinal coronavirus in dogs and cats in Beijing was relatively higher,and it was more prevalent in winter.There was no significant difference in the detection rates of CCoV and FCoV among dogs and cats of different age groups.The coinfection of Coronavirus and Parvovirus was more common in clinical practice.

Key words: dogs and cats; Coronavirus; Parvovirus; Astrovirus; epidemiology

中图分类号:

S852.74^＋6

陈鑫, 张宜宸, 刘明, 李少晗, 秦彤. 北京五区犬猫肠道冠状病毒感染的监测与分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(12): 5067-5074.

CHEN Xin, ZHANG Yichen, LIU Ming, LI Shaohan, QIN Tong. Surveillance and Analysis of Intestinal Coronavirus Infection in Dogs and Cats in Five Districts of Beijing[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(12): 5067-5074.

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