广东省部分地区马肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.07.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】调查广东省内部分地区马匹寄生虫感染情况，探索区域内马匹寄生虫感染优势虫种、感染情况和耐药情况，为区域内马肠道寄生虫病的防治提供参考。【方法】采用饱和食盐溶液漂浮法和饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法对广东省内7个城市24个马术俱乐部375份新鲜马粪样品进行处理，光学显微镜下观察虫卵/卵囊的形态结构特征并进行分类，并根据麦氏计数法计算每克粪便中虫卵/卵囊数（EPG），统计感染率和感染强度。对EPG＞500的阳性样本进行粪便虫卵减少量计数试验（FECRT），以评估各马术俱乐部流行寄生虫耐药情况。提取5份＜1岁幼驹的粪便样本DNA，利用巢式PCR检测样品是否存在隐孢子虫感染。【结果】375份样品中有120份样品呈寄生虫虫卵/卵囊阳性，总感染率为32.00%。共检出4种肠道寄生虫，分别为圆线虫、马副蛔虫、类圆线虫和马蛲虫，总感染率分别为30.40%、3.70%、0.80%和0.30%。1~4岁马匹感染率显著高于其他年龄段（P＜0.05），但不同性别马匹寄生虫感染情况无显著差异（P＞0.05）。受调查马匹感染强度以低排卵（EPG＜200）为主，占马匹总数83.47%。FECRT结果显示，样本所在马术俱乐部常用驱虫药（主要成分为伊维菌素、阿苯达唑）有效，未见耐药现象。5份＜1岁幼驹的粪便样本隐孢子虫巢式PCR检测均为阴性。【结论】广东省部分地区马术俱乐部道寄生虫防控情况总体良好，区域内各马术俱乐部寄生虫防控效果存在差异，建议区域内各马术俱乐部加强马肠道寄生虫监测工作，依据本场监测情况合理用药，避免场内流行寄生虫对所用驱虫药物产生耐药性。

关键词: 马; 肠道寄生虫; 流行病学调查; 驱虫药耐药性

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to investigate the infection status of the equine intestinal parasites in Guangdong, offer guidance for the prevention and control of parasites infection in the region.【Method】 375 fresh horse fecal samples were collected from 24 farms in 7 cities in Guangdong province,which were processed by the saturated salt solution and saturated sucrose solution separately.Eggs/oocysts were observed with the microscope and identified based on literatures.The number of eggs/oocysts per gram of feces (EPG) was calculated by McGrady counting method.The infection rate and infection intensity were calculated.Fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was performed on positive samples with EPG＞500 to test whether anthelmintic resistance existed.In addition,the DNA of 5 young foals under 1-year-old was extracted from fecal samples for Cryptosporidium detecting using nested PCR method.【Result】 120 of 375 samples were tested positive for parasite eggs/oocysts,and the total infection rate was 32.00%.A total 4 intestinal parasites were identified,which were Strongylus app.,Parascaris equorum,Strongyloides westeri and Oxyuris equi,and the total infection rates were 30.40%,3.70%,0.80% and 0.30%,respectively.The total infection rate of horses aged from 1-4 years old was significantly higher than that of other ages (P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in parasitic infection between different genders ((P＞0.05).The investigated horses were mainly with low EPG (＜200),accounting for 83.47% of the total number of horses.FECRT results showed that the commonly used anthelmintic drugs (mainly composed of ivermectin and albendazole) were effective in the equestrian club where the sample was located and there was no evidence of anthelmintics resistance.5 fecal samples of foals under 1-year-old were negative for Cryptosporidium.【Conclusion】 The parasite control situation of equestrian clubs in some areas of Guangdong province was generally good.There were differences in parasite control effects among equestrian clubs in the region.It was suggested that all equestrian clubs in the region should strengthen the monitoring of intestinal parasites of horses,and use drugs rationally according to the monitoring situation in the field,so as to avoid the prevalence of parasites in the field to develop resistance to the used deworming drugs.

Key words: horse; intestinal parasites; epidemiology investigation; anthelmintic resistance

中图分类号:

S858.21

梁颖欣, 陈泽加, 李继超, 崔晓晓, 冯乾岂, 李守军, 陈奡蕾. 广东省部分地区马肠道寄生虫感染情况调查[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(7): 2725-2734.

LIANG Yingxin, CHEN Zejia, LI Jichao, CUI Xiaoxiao, FENG Qianqi, LI Shoujun, CHEN Aolei. Investigation on the Infection of Equine Intestinal Parasite in Partial Cities in Guangdong Province[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(7): 2725-2734.

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