牛病毒性腹泻病毒的分子生物学特性及发病机制研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.11.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 牛病毒性腹泻病毒（Bovine viral diarrhea virus，BVDV）是影响全世界养牛业的重要病原体之一，给畜牧业造成了巨大经济损失。BVDV由2种生物型和多种不同基因亚型毒株组成，这些毒株具有不同的抗原性、细胞病理学和致病性发病机制。尽管世界各国为控制和预防BVDV的发生与流行做出诸多努力，但仍有BVDV感染动物的报道。笔者主要围绕BVDV的分子生物学、发病机制以及宿主对病毒感染的免疫反应尤其是免疫逃避策略、免疫防控等方面进行论述，阐述了BVDV通过劫持宿主免疫系统以确保病毒复制成功的一些免疫逃避策略，以期为遏制BVDV的出现和传播，从而实现净化、控制该病毒提供参考。

关键词: 牛病毒性腹泻病毒; 分子生物学; 发病机制

Abstract: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the important pathogens affecting the cattle industry in the world, which has caused huge economic losses to animal husbandry.BVDV consists of two biological types and a variety of different genetic subtypes, which have different antigenicity, cytopathology and pathogenicity.Although countries around the world have made many efforts to control and prevent the occurrence and prevalence of BVDV, there are still reports of BVDV infection in animals.The author mainly discussed the molecular biology, pathogenesis and host immune response to viral infection, especially immune escape strategy, immune prevention and control of BVDV.Some immune escape strategies of BVDV by hijacking the host immune system to ensure successful replication of the virus were described, in order to provide reference for curbing the emergence and spread of BVDV, so as to achieve purification and control of the virus.

Key words: Bovine viral diarrhea virus; molecular biology; pathogenesis

中图分类号:

S858.23

韩猛立, 张倩, 赵文娟, 张星星, 吴桐忠, 黄新, 钟发钢. 牛病毒性腹泻病毒的分子生物学特性及发病机制研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(11): 4632-4645.

HAN Mengli, ZHANG Qian, ZHAO Wenjuan, ZHANG Xingxing, WU Tongzhong, HUANG Xin, ZHONG Fagang. Advances on Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(11): 4632-4645.

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