屠宰场沙门氏菌耐药性分析和毒力基因检测

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.10.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究广东省茂名地区屠宰环节猪肉中携带的沙门氏菌的耐药性和毒力特征,为该地区食源性沙门氏菌的危害评估和防控措施制定提供依据。【方法】从广东省茂名地区屠宰场采集的猪肉、脾脏、肝脏样本中分离到19株沙门氏菌,采用K-B药敏纸片法检测其对β-内酰胺类、氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、四环素类、酰胺醇类和磺胺类抗菌药物的耐药性,用PCR方法检测β-内酰胺类耐药基因(bla_TEM、bla_OXA-1、bla_SHV)、氟喹诺酮类耐药基因(qnrA、qnrS、qnrB)、氨基糖苷类耐药基因(aadA1、aac(6')-Ⅰb、rmtB)、四环素类耐药基因(tetA、tetB、tetC)、酰胺醇类耐药基因(Cat1、floR)、磺胺类耐药基因(SulⅠ、SulⅡ、SulⅢ)和10种毒力基因(mogA、sseL、mgtC、bcfA、araB、spvR、spvA、spvB、spvC、spvD)的携带情况。【结果】19株沙门氏菌耐药严重,对四环素、多西环素、氯霉素、氟苯尼考、磺胺异噁唑的耐药率均＞50％,对四环素、多西环素和氯霉素的耐药率最高,均为89.5%(17/19),对3种及其以上抗菌药物耐药率为89.5%,最高对11种抗菌药物均有耐药性;bla_TEM、qnrA、aadA1、aac(6')-Ⅰb、Cat1、floR、SulⅠ、SulⅢ耐药基因的检出率较高(≥50.0%),bla_TEM耐药基因检出率最高为84.2％,同时携带5个及以上耐药基因的菌株占73.7%,最高携带12个耐药基因;mogA、mgtC、bcfA、araB毒力基因均有检出,且检出率均在70％以上,其中mogA基因的检出率高达100%,其余6种毒力基因均未检出。【结论】广东省茂名地区屠宰场猪肉中沙门氏菌多重耐药严重,携带多种耐药基因且具有复杂的基因组合类型,同时携带多种毒力基因。

关键词: 屠宰场; 沙门氏菌; 耐药性; 耐药基因; 毒力基因

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to investigate the drug resistance and virulence characteristics of Salmonella carried in slaughtered pork in Maoming,Guangdong province,and provide a basis for hazard assessment and formulation of prevention and control measures for foodborne Salmonella in this area.【Method】 Nineteen strains of Salmonella isolated from pork,spleen and liver samples collected from slaughterhouses in Maoming,Guangdong province were tested for resistance to β-lactams,fluoroquinolones,aminoglycosides,tetracyclines,aminoglycols and sulfonamides by the K-B drug-sensitive paper method,and the β-lactam resistance genes (bla_TEM,bla_OXA-1 and bla_SHV),fluoroquinolone resistance genes (qnrA,qnrS and qnrB),aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA1,aac(6')-Ⅰb and rmtB),tetracycline resistance genes (tetA,tetB and tetC),aminol resistance genes (Cat1 and floR),sulfonamide resistance genes (SulⅠ,SulⅡ and SulⅢ) and 10 virulence genes (mogA,sseL,mgtC,bcfA,araB,spvR,spvA,spvB,spvC and spvD) were detected by PCR method.【Result】 19 strains of Salmonella were highly resistant to tetracycline,doxycycline,chloramphenicol,florfenicol and sulfaisoxazole,and the resistance rates were more than 50%,with the highest resistance rates of 89.5% (17/19) to tetracycline,doxycycline and chloramphenicol,and 89.5% to 3 or more antimicrobial drugs,with the highest resistance to all 11 antimicrobial drugs.The detection rate of bla_TEM,qnrA,aadA1, aac(6')-Ⅰb,Cat1,floR,SulⅠ and SulⅢ resistance genes was high (≥50.0%),the highest detection rate of bla_TEM resistance gene was 84.2%,73.7% of strains carried 5 or more resistance genes at the same time,and the highest strain carried 12 drug-resistant genes;mogA,mgtC,bcfA,araB virulence genes were all detected and the detection rate was above 70%,of which mogA virulence gene had a detection rate of up to 100%,and the remaining 6 virulence genes did not detect out.【Conclusion】 Salmonella from the pork of Maoming slaughterhouse in Guangdong province was seriously multidrug-resistance,carrying multiple drug-resistance genes with complex gene combinations and multiple virulence genes.

Key words: slaughterhouse; Salmonella; drug resistance; resistance gene; virulence gene

中图分类号:

S852.61

靳浩展, 李亮, 魏琦麟, 韩依辛, 徐志宏, 康桦华, 向蓉. 屠宰场沙门氏菌耐药性分析和毒力基因检测[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(10): 3943-3952.

JIN Haozhan, LI Liang, WEI Qilin, HAN Yixin, XU Zhihong, KANG Huahua, XIANG Rong. Drug Resistance Analysis and Virulence Gene Detection of Salmonella in Slaughterhouses[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(10): 3943-3952.

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