炭疽芽孢杆菌携带前噬菌体的预测及耐药性与毒力分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.06.041

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】预测并分析炭疽芽孢杆菌携带前噬菌体的比例、前噬菌体携带抗生素耐药基因与毒力基因的情况，了解并分析炭疽芽孢杆菌前噬菌体对菌株耐药性与毒力的影响，为后续研究与应用炭疽芽孢杆菌前噬菌体提供借鉴。【方法】利用PHASTER在线分析软件预测炭疽芽孢杆菌携带的前噬菌体，采用抗生素耐药基因数据库（comprehensive antibiotic research database，CARD）和毒力因子数据库（virulence factors database，VFDB）预测前噬菌体携带的抗生素耐药基因和毒力因子。【结果】预测到1 421条炭疽芽孢杆菌前噬菌体，其中完整型前噬菌体267条，疑似型前噬菌体321条，不完整型前噬菌体833条。每株炭疽芽孢杆菌所携带的全部前噬菌体基因组占其基因组比例为3%~4%。771条前噬菌体携带1 075个耐药基因。耐药表型共有29种，分别来自28种不同的耐药家族，涵盖6种抗生素耐药的作用机制。394条前噬菌体编码688个毒力因子，归类为71种毒力基因和52种毒力因子。分析毒力因子可能的宿主菌株来源构成发现，除炭疽芽孢杆菌外，嗜肺军团菌亚种、蜡样芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌等也有较高的结构比例，是毒力因子可能的宿主来源。【结论】炭疽芽孢杆菌普遍携带前噬菌体，但前噬菌体基因组在炭疽芽孢杆菌基因组中所占的比例较低。约54%前噬菌体携带抗生素耐药基因，以膦酸类、β-内酰胺类抗生素等为主。约28%前噬菌体携带毒力基因。前噬菌体在炭疽芽孢杆菌抗生素耐药基因的获取与传递、毒力基因的获得与传播及致病性演变过程中可能发挥着一定作用。

关键词: 炭疽芽孢杆菌; 前噬菌体; 耐药基因; 毒力因子

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of the experiment was to predict and analyze the proportion of Bacillus anthracis (B.anthracis) carrying prophage and the situation of prophage carrying antibiotic resistance gene and virulence gene, to understand and analyze the influence of B.anthracis prophage on bacterial resistance and virulence, and to provide reference for the subsequent research and application of B.anthracis prophage.【Method】 The online analysis software PHASTER was used to predict the prophages carried by B.anthracis, the comprehensive antibiotic research database (CARD) and virulence factors database (VFDB) were used to predict the antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors carried by the prophages.【Result】 1 421 B.anthracis prophages were predicted, of which 267 were intact prophages, 321 were questionable prophages and 833 were incomplete prophages.The percentage of the prophage genome ranged between 3% to 4% in each B.anthracis genome.The 771 prophages carried 1 075 drug resistance genes.There were 29 resistance phenotypes, from 28 different resistance families, covering 6 antibiotic resistance mechanisms of action.The 394 prophages encoded 688 virulence factors, grouped into 71 virulence genes and 52 virulence factors.Analysis of the composition of possible host strain sources for the virulence factor revealed that, in addition to B.anthracis, Legionella pneumophila subsp., Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis also had a high structural proportion as possible host sources for the virulence factor.【Conclusion】 B.anthracis commonly carried prophages, but the prophage genome made up a low proportion of the B.anthracis genome.Approximately 54% prophages carried antibiotic resistance genes, dominated by phosphonic acid and β-lactam.About 28% prophages carried virulence genes.Prophages might play a role in the acquisition and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes, virulence genes and the evolution of pathogenicity in B.anthracis.

Key words: Bacillus anthracis; prophage; antibiotic resistance gene; virulence factor

中图分类号:

S852.61

陈建师, 张宁, 浦方雄, 苗健佳, 曾楠, 李炳学. 炭疽芽孢杆菌携带前噬菌体的预测及耐药性与毒力分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(6): 2573-2584.

CHEN Jianshi, ZHANG Ning, PU Fangxiong, MIAO Jianjia, ZENG Nan, LI Bingxue. Prediction of Bacillus anthracis Carrying Prophages and Analysis of Drug Resistance and Virulence[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(6): 2573-2584.

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