PCV3对仔猪生长相关激素及其功能基因表达的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.03.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究猪圆环病毒3（Porcine circovirus 3，PCV3）对仔猪生长相关激素及其功能基因表达的影响，探索PCV3导致仔猪消瘦的机制。【方法】以8头23日龄的健康断奶仔猪为研究对象，随机均分为PCV3感染组（感染组）、DMEM组，分别从颈部注射3 mL PCV3病毒液（10⁹拷贝/mL）和3 mL DMEM，并于注射前（0 d）及注射后3、7、14、21 d称量仔猪体重，观察其临床表现，采集各组仔猪血清、口腔拭子、鼻腔拭子和肛拭子，采用实时荧光定量PCR检测各样品中PCV3病毒载量；ELISA法测定各组3、7、14、21 d仔猪血清中的三碘甲状腺原氨酸（triiodothyronine，T₃）、甲状腺素4（thyroxine，T₄）的浓度；实时荧光定量PCR测定背最长肌、腿肌、脾脏、肝脏组织中生长激素受体（growth hormone receptor，GHR）、胰岛素样生长因子1（insulin-like growth factor-1，IGF-1）、胰岛素样生长因子1受体（insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor，IGF-1R）等基因mRNA相对表达量。【结果】感染组仔猪终末体重、平均日增重均极显著低于DMEM组（P<0.01），感染组血清、口腔拭子、鼻腔拭子、肛拭子病毒载量均在14 d达到最高；感染组T₃表达量在感染的第14和21天均极显著高于DMEM组（P<0.01），T₄含量差异不显著（P>0.05）。与DMEM组相比，背最长肌中IGF-1基因的相对表达量极显著降低（P<0.01），腿肌和脾脏中GHR、IGF-1、IGF-1R基因的相对表达量均无显著差异（P>0.05），肝脏中GHR基因的相对表达量极显著增加（P<0.01），IGF-1R基因的相对表达量显著增加（P<0.05）。【结论】仔猪感染PCV3后可导致机体代谢异常，降低IGF-1对背最长肌的促生长、促细胞分裂作用，从而导致仔猪消瘦。

关键词: 猪圆环病毒3(PCV3); 生长激素; 生长功能基因

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Porcine circovirus (PCV3) on the expression of growth-related hormones and functional genes in piglets, and explore the mechanism of PCV3 causing weight loss in piglets.【Method】 Eight 23 day-old non-infected piglets were randomly divided into PCV3 infected group and DMEM group.Piglets of PCV3 infected and DMEM groups were intramuscular injected with 3 mL of PCV3 virus (10⁹ copies/mL) and 3 mL of DMEM in the neck respectively.The piglets were weighed before injection (0 d) and 3, 7, 14 and 21 d after injection, the clinical manifestations were observed, and serum, oral swab, nasal swab and anal swab were collected.Real-time quantitative PCR method was used to detect the viral load of PCV3, ELISA was performed to determine the content of triiodothyronine (T₃) and thyroxine (T₄) in the serum after infected 3, 7, 14 and 21 d.Real-time quantitative PCR was utilized to determine the relative expression of growth hormone receptor (GHR), insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF-1R) genes in longissiums dorsi, spleen and liver.【Result】 The final weight and average daily gain of the piglets in infected group were extremely significantly lower than those in DMEM group (P<0.01).The viral load of serum, oral swab, nasal swab and anal swab in infected group reached the highest at 14 d.The content of T₃ in the infected group was extremely significantly higher than that in DMEM group on the 14th and 21st day of infection (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in the content of T₄ (P>0.05).Compared with DMEM group, the relative expression of IGF-1 gene in longissimus dorsi was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01), there was no significant difference in the relative expression of GHR, IGF-1 and IGF-1R genes in leg muscle and spleen (P>0.05), the relative expression of GHR gene in liver was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), and the relative expression of IGF-1R gene was increased significantly (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 PCV3 infection in piglets could cause abnormal metabolism, reduce the growth-promoting and mitogenic effects of IGF-1 on the back muscles, leading to weight loss in piglets.

Key words: Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3); growth hormone; growth function gene

中图分类号:

S852.65⁺1

孙庆帅, 严伟东, 李畅, 吴昊, 李长春, 何启盖. PCV3对仔猪生长相关激素及其功能基因表达的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(3): 1041-1047.

SUN Qingshuai, YAN Weidong, LI Chang, WU Hao, LI Changchun, HE Qigai. Effect of PCV3 on the Expression of Growth-related Hormones and Functional Genes in Piglets[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(3): 1041-1047.

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