4株Ⅰ亚群禽腺病毒分离株对SPF雏鸡的致病性研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.03.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究Ⅰ亚群禽腺病毒（Fowl adenovirus，FAdV）分离株GDDL-4（FAdV-4）、GDB3-8a （FAdV-8a）、GDT08-8b （FAdV-8b）、GDWYT-11（FAdV-11）对SPF雏鸡的致病性，进而制定更加有效的防控措施。【方法】设立4个攻毒组（GDDL-4、GDB3-8a、GDT08-8b、GDWYT-11）及对照组，攻毒组选择腿部肌内注射接种0.2 mL 10⁵ TCID₅₀病毒液，对照组接种等体积PBS。接种后观察SPF雏鸡的临床症状、剖检病变及组织病理学变化，同时检测其排毒量和病毒载量。【结果】所有攻毒组鸡均表现为精神沉郁、消瘦、扎堆等，病理剖检以严重心包积液-包涵体肝炎综合征病变为主，其中GDDL-4组症状最为严重，死亡率最高达85%，总体死亡率在0~85%之间。排毒分析结果发现，GDDL-4和GDB3-8a组出现高滴度排毒（≥10⁴拷贝/μL），GDT08-8b和GDWYT-11组仅能检测到低滴度（≤10³拷贝/μL）排毒。器官指数表明，除GDT08-8b组与对照组无明显差异外，其余攻毒组均能造成器官不同程度的肿大或萎缩。病理组织学切片显示，肝脏、肾脏、法氏囊的正常结构被破坏，可见肝细胞有大量淋巴细胞浸润、肾间质充血出血、法氏囊淋巴细胞坏死等。病毒载量分析结果显示，GDDL-4与GDWYT-11组在肝脏组织中病毒滴度最高，而GDB3-8a与GDT08-8b组在十二指肠中病毒滴度最高。【结论】 Ⅰ亚群FAdV的死亡率高，4株分离株均可导致雏鸡肝脏出现包涵体肝炎的病理变化，均可反复排毒，且分离株对不同的组织器官有不同的亲嗜性，在肝脏与十二指肠等组织中的病毒载量最高。

关键词: 禽腺病毒(FAdV); SPF雏鸡; 剖检病变; 组织病理学; 排毒量; 病毒载量

Abstract: 【Object】 The aim of the experiment was to explore the pathogenicity of subgroup Ⅰ Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) isolates GDDL-4(FAdV-4), GDB3-8a(FAdV-8a), GDT08-8b(FAdV-8b) and GDWYT-11(FAdV-11) to SPF chicks, and develop more effective prevention measures.【Method】 The challenge (GDDL-4, GDB3-8a, GDT08-8b and GDWYT-11) and control groups were established, the challenge groups were injected with 0.2 mL 10⁵ TCID₅₀virus into leg muscles, and the control group was injected with equal volume of PBS.The clinical symptoms, autopsy lesions, histopathology of SPF chicks were observed, the detoxification and viral load of SPF chicks were detected.【Result】 The results showed that 4 target strains could all cause depressed, emaciated and clustered.Pathologic autopsy showed that severe hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome, especially GDDL-4, with mortality rate of 85%, the overall mortality rate was 0 to 85%.The results of detoxification analysis showed that GDDL-4 and GDB3-8a groups had high titer detoxification (≥ 10⁴ copies/μL), while GDT08-8b and GDWYT-11 groups could only detect low titer detoxification (≤ 10³ copies/μL).The organ index showed that there were no significant difference between GDT08-8b and control groups, but the other challenge groups could cause organ swelling or atrophy to varying degrees.The histopathology sections showed that the structures of liver, kidney and bursa of Fabricius were destroyed, it showed that a large number of lymphocytes infiltrated into liver cells, the renal interstitial congestion and hemorrhage, and the lymphocyte necrosis of bursa of Fabricius.The results of viral load analysis showed that GDDL-4 and GDWYT-11 groups had the highest viral titers in liver, while GDB3-8a and GDT08-8b groups had the highest viral titers in duodenum.【Conclusion】 The results indicated that the mortality of subgroup Ⅰ FAdV was high.4 strains of isolates could cause the pathological changes of inclusion body hepatitis in liver of chicks, and could be repeatedly detoxified.Moreover, the isolates had different affinity to different tissues and organs, with the highest viral load in liver and duodenum.

Key words: Fowl adenovirus (FAdV); SPF chicks; autopsy lesions; histopathology; detoxification; viral load

中图分类号:

S852.65⁺9.1

谢梓民, 曾繁聪, 傅禹铭, 姜含雨, 杨惠湖, 柯骏鸿, 罗瑞, 梁昭平, 张雪莲, 黄淑坚. 4株Ⅰ亚群禽腺病毒分离株对SPF雏鸡的致病性研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(3): 1032-1040.

XIE Zimin, ZENG Fancong, FU Yuming, JIANG Hanyu, YANG Huihu, KE Junhong, LUO Rui, LIANG Zhaoping, ZHANG Xuelian, HUANG Shujian. Study on Pathogenicity of 4 Strain of Subgroup Ⅰ Fowl Adenovirus Isolates to SPF Chicks[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(3): 1032-1040.

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