犬常见肿瘤流行病学调查及组织病理学诊断

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.05.037

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨犬常见肿瘤的发病规律，试验收集哈尔滨地区2016-2017年宠物医院部分犬肿瘤病例71例，采用组织病理学方法对犬肿瘤进行病理学诊断，并对患病动物的品种、性别、年龄、发生部位和饮食情况与肿瘤发生关系进行统计分析。结果显示，71例确诊肿瘤病例中，恶性肿瘤28例，包括鳞状上皮细胞癌3例，基底细胞癌5例，乳腺癌14例，淋巴瘤2例，肾母细胞瘤、精原细胞癌、生殖细胞癌、侵袭性血管黏液瘤各1例；良性肿瘤43例，包括良性乳腺肿瘤15例，纤维瘤10例，平滑肌瘤5例，乳头状瘤和精原细胞瘤各3例，造釉细胞瘤、耵聍腺瘤、脂肪瘤、结节样增生、性索间质细胞瘤、颗粒细胞瘤、肛周腺瘤各1例。上述病例中，乳腺和皮肤是犬肿瘤的高发部位，分别占全部患犬的40.8%和34.0%；患病犬年龄1~16岁不等，平均发病年龄为9.1岁，7岁以后是肿瘤的高发期，中老年犬仍为主要发病群体，但低龄犬发病数量上升；各品种犬均可发生肿瘤，其中杂种犬发病率最高，其次是贵宾犬和京巴犬，且主要为乳腺肿瘤；饮食习惯主要以剩饭剩菜类和肉拌饭类为主，分别占患犬总数的39%和30%；部分肿瘤类型与犬的性别、是否绝育有关，如乳腺肿瘤多发生于未绝育的老年母犬。本研究结果为犬肿瘤的流行病学及诊断提供了参考依据，对犬肿瘤的预防和诊断有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词: 犬; 肿瘤; 组织病理学; 流行病学调查; 诊断

Abstract:

To investigate the pathogenesis of canine tumors,71 cases of canine tumor from a pet hospital in Harbin area were collected from 2016 to 2017,the histopathological method was used for tumor diagnosis,then the varieties of species,gender,age,sites and diet of tumors were statically analyzed.The results showed that among the 71 confirmed cases,there were 28 cases malignant tumors,including 3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,5 cases of basal cell carcinoma,14 cases of breast cancer,2 cases of lymphadenoma,1 case of nephroblastoma,spermatogonial cancer,germ cell carcinoma and invasive vascular myxoma, respectively.There were 43 cases of benign tumor,including 15 cases of benign breast tumor,10 cases of fibroma,5 cases of leiomyoma,3 cases of papilloma,and spermatogonial tumor,respectively,and 1 case of ameloblastoma,ceruminal adenoma,lipoma,nodular hyperplasia,sex cord stromal tumor,granular cell tumor and perianal adenoma,respectively.In the above cases,the mammary gland and the skin had a higher incidence.They accounted for 40.8% and 34.0% of all dogs,respectively.The age of the dogs was 1 to 16 years old,with an average age of tumor onset being 9.1 years,the tumor onset rate became higher after 7 years old.This finding indicated that the middle and old age groups were at high risk,but the number of young dogs with tumors was increasing.All breeds were susceptible to tumors.Mix dogs had the highest tumors incidence,followed by the poodle and pekingese,and most of the tumors being located in mammary glands.Diet mainly leftovers and meat rice type.They accounted for 39% and 30% all dogs,respectively.Among the breeds of dogs with tumor,hybrid dogs were the majority;The types of tumors were related to the sex of dogs and whether they were neuter,such as breast tumor occurred in the unsterilized old bitch.This study provided a reference for the epidemiology investigation and diagnosis of canine neoplasms and had some reference significance for the prevention and diagnosis of canine neoplasms.

Key words: dog; tumor; histopathology; epidemiology investigation; diagnosis

中图分类号:

S858.292

常宏建, 任晓丽, 张佩, 赵冰冰, 肖敏, 李永岐, 王森, 吴雨虹, 刘娜, 刘云. 犬常见肿瘤流行病学调查及组织病理学诊断[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(5): 1417-1425.

CHANG Hongjian, REN Xiaoli, ZHANG Pei, ZHAO Bingbing, XIAO Min, LI Yongqi, WANG Sen, WU Yuhong, LIU Na, LIU Yun. Epidemiological Investigation and Histopathological Diagnosis of Common Tumors in Dogs[J]. , 2018, 45(5): 1417-1425.

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