不同钙和非植酸磷水平对快大型黄羽肉鸡生长性能和胫骨性状的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的] 试验旨在研究饲粮钙（Ca）和非植酸磷（NPP）水平对快大型黄羽肉鸡生长性能和胫骨性状的影响。[方法] 选取1日龄快大型黄羽公鸡4 050只，随机分为9组，每组6个重复，每个重复75只。采用3（Ca水平）×3（NPP水平）双因素设计，试验期63 d。小鸡阶段（1~21日龄），Ca水平为1.00%、0.90%、0.85%，NPP水平为0.46%、0.38%、0.30%；中鸡阶段（22~42日龄），Ca水平为0.90%、0.75%、0.65%，NPP水平为0.42%、0.35%、0.28%；大鸡阶段（43~63日龄），Ca水平为0.80%、0.70%、0.60%，NPP水平为0.39%、0.31%、0.23%。利用采食量和体增重计算0~21、22~42、43~63和0~63 d料重比。试验第63天，每个重复随机挑选肉鸡2只，屠宰后取胫骨和血清，测定肉鸡胫骨性状和血液Ca、磷（P）水平。[结果] 随着饲粮中Ca水平降低，肉鸡生长性能并未出现显著变化（P>0.05）。饲粮中NPP水平降低对整个生长周期肉鸡生长性能没有显著影响（P>0.05）。但在小鸡阶段，NPP水平降低，料重比显著增加（P<0.05）。Ca水平对63日龄肉鸡胫骨性状、血P和血Ca均无显著影响（P>0.05）。NPP水平降低，63日龄肉鸡胫骨灰分和P含量均降低，且差异显著（P<0.05），同时63日龄肉鸡血P水平显著降低（P<0.05）。饲粮中Ca和NPP水平之间对肉鸡生长性能和胫骨性状没有显著交互作用（P>0.05）。[结论] 总体来看，黄羽肉鸡对钙的需求低于黄羽肉鸡推荐营养标准，黄羽肉鸡标准中小、中、大鸡阶段Ca水平可以下调20%~30%，分别设定为0.85%、0.65%和0.60%，对肉鸡生长性能和胫骨性状无任何负面影响。黄羽肉鸡标准中NPP水平下调影响小鸡阶段生长性能，降低肉鸡胫骨Ca、P沉积，建议保持目前水平，分别设定为0.46%、0.42%和0.39%。

关键词: 黄肉肉鸡; 钙水平; 非植酸磷水平

Abstract: [Objective] This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary calcium (Ca) and non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) levels on growth performance and tibia traits of fast growth Yellow-feathered broilers. [Method] A total of 4 050 one-day-old male broilers were randomly divided into 9 groups with 6 replicates per group and 75 broilers per replicate. A 3 (Ca level)×3 (NPP level) two-factor design was used. The experiment lasted for 63 days. The Ca levels were 1.00%, 0.90% and 0.85%, and the NPP levels were 0.46%, 0.38% and 0.30% from 1 to 21 days. The Ca levels were 0.90%, 0.75% and 0.65%, and the NPP levels were 0.42%, 0.35% and 0.28% from 22 to 42 days. The Ca levels were 0.80%, 0.70% and 0.60%, and the NPP levels were 0.39%, 0.31% and 0.23% from 43 to 63 days. Feed and gain ratio (F/G) was calculated for 0~21, 22~42, 43~63 and 0~63 d days by using feed intake and body weight gain. At the end of the feeding experiment, 2 chicks were selected from each replication of each treatment group and slaughtered for chemical analysis of chick tibia and serum level of Ca and P. [Result] The decrease of Ca level had no effect on the growth performance of broilers (P>0.05). The decrease of NPP level had no effect on the growth performance of broilers (P>0.05), but in the starter phase that low NPP level had a higher F/G (P<0.05). Ca level had no effect on tibia traits, the levels of Ca and P in serum of broiler (P>0.05). The contents of Ash and P in tibia, and the level of P in serum of broilers at 63 days of age were all significantly decreased (P<0.05) with the decrease of NPP level. There was no significant interaction between dietary Ca and NPP levels on growth performance and tibia traits of broilers (P>0.05). [Conclusion] Ca requirements of Yellow-feathered broilers seemed to be lower than the nutritional standards of Yellow-feathered broilers recommendations, and it could be reduced by 20%-30%, were 0.85%, 0.65% and 0.60% in the small, medium and large chicken stage, respectively. The decrease of NPP level affects growth performance of chicks and reduces the deposition of calcium and phosphorus in the tibia of broilers. NPP should be maintained at the current level, were 0.46%, 0.42% and 0.39%, respectively.

Key words: Yellow-feathered broilers; calcium level; non-phytate phosphorus level

中图分类号:

S815.4

邹轶, 刘松柏, 张齐, 温志芬, 苗丽萍, 陈丹, 谭会泽. 不同钙和非植酸磷水平对快大型黄羽肉鸡生长性能和胫骨性状的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(1): 109-121.

ZOU Yi, LIU Songbo, ZHANG Qi, WEN Zhifen, MIAO Liping, CHEN Dan, TAN Huize. Effect of Dietary Calcium and Non-phytate Phosophorus Levels on Growth Performance and Tibial Characteristics of Yellow-feathered Broilers[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(1): 109-121.

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