›› 2015, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 1738-1746.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2015.07.018

• 动物营养与饲料科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆北疆地区某集约化肉牛养殖场春季环境指标评价

梅玮1, 祁巨中2, 刘英玉1, 张晓红1, 王志琴1, 姚刚1   

  1. 1. 新疆农业大学动物医学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
    2. 新疆昭苏县畜牧局, 昭苏 835600
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-08 出版日期:2015-07-20 发布日期:2015-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 姚刚 E-mail:yaogang516@163.com
  • 作者简介:梅玮(1989-),男,四川广安人,硕士生,研究方向:畜产品质量安全,E-mail:520014483@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划"肉牛生产质量监测关键技术研发与示范"(2011BAD47B04);基础兽医学新疆普通高等学校重点学科科研启动项目(JCSY201301)

Evaluation of the Environmental Indices in a Beef Cattle Farm in the North of Xinjiang

MEI Wei1, QI Ju-zhong2, LIU Ying-yu1, ZHANG Xiao-hong1, WANG Zhi-qin1, YAO Gang1   

  1. 1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
    2. Animal Husbandry Bureau of Zhaosu County, Zhaosu 835600, China
  • Received:2014-12-08 Online:2015-07-20 Published:2015-07-23

摘要: 为了解新疆伊犁地区昭苏县肉牛养殖环境状况,评价其环境质量,本研究对该县某典型集约化肉牛养殖场的相关环境指标进行了测定。采用DT-8820四合一多功能环境表(光照强度、温度、湿度、噪音)、智能气体检测报警仪(二氧化碳(CO2)、氨气(NH3)、甲烷(CH4))和LD-5C微电脑激光粉尘仪(可吸入颗粒物(PM10)和总悬浮颗粒物(TSP))对新疆昭苏县某集约化肉牛养殖场肉牛舍春季(4月下旬)上述环境指标进行为期10 d的测定。结果表明,该牛舍春季每天采光时间为08:00~18:00,约10 h;光照强度、温度、湿度和噪音平均值分别为105.61 Lux、16.30 ℃、49.56%和64.59 dB;CH4、CO2和NH3浓度平均值分别为0.09、880.91和0.51 mg/m3;PM10和TSP浓度平均值分别为0.030和0.010 mg/m3。通过对上述指标的日周期和时周期变化可发现牛舍平均温度超过国标最高限值,持续时间为11:00~24:00,约13 h。综上所述,除牛舍温度指标外,该牛舍测定的各项环境指标参数均符合畜禽养殖环境标准,该牛舍春季环境较适宜肉牛生产,但需要采取相应措施对牛舍温度进行调节以保证动物的福利需求。

关键词: 春季; 肉牛舍; 环境指标; 评价

Abstract: In order to obtain the basic information of the environmental situation for beef cattle production in Yili area,the environmental indices detected from a typical collective beef cattle farm were evaluated.CO2,NH3 and CH4,luminosity,temperature,humidity and noise,PM10 and TSP of the beef cattle cowshed were measured for consecutive 10 days in the spring.The results showed that in the spring,the daylight time was about 10 h from 08:00 to 18:00,and the average value of luminosity,temperature,humidity and noise were 105.61 Lux,16.30 ℃,49.56% and 64.59 dB,respectively;The average value of CH4,CO2 and NH3 concentrations were 0.09,880.91 and 0.51 mg/m3,respectively;The average value of PM10 and TSP concentrations were 0.030 and 0.010 mg/m3,respectively.By zooming in the day and hour fluctuation of above measured environmental indices it was found that the average temperature in this cowshed was over the maximum limit of national standard from 11:00 to 24:00 lasting for about 13 hours.It was concluded that the general environment in this area was suitable for beef cattle production except the temperature in this cowshed needs to be improved for providing better welfare for beef cattle.

Key words: spring season; beef cattle cowshed; environmental indices; evaluation

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