饲粮添加黄芪和葡聚糖硫酸钠盐刺激对羔羊后肠道发酵和微生物组成的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.09.015

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (9): 3242-3253.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.09.015

饲粮添加黄芪和葡聚糖硫酸钠盐刺激对羔羊后肠道发酵和微生物组成的影响

田全华^1,2, 赵旭¹, 刘勇², 魏凌云¹, 谭支良^2,3, 贺志雄^2,3

1. 武汉工程大学环境生态与生物工程学院, 武汉 430205;
2. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室, 湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心, 农业农村部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站, 动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410125;
3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2021-02-08 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-09-17
通讯作者: 魏凌云, 贺志雄 E-mail:weilingyun@foxmail.com;zxhe@isa.ac.cn
作者简介:田全华(1995-),男,山东临沂人,硕士生,研究方向:幼龄反刍动物肠道微生物,E-mail:787133229@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（31702141）；中科院STS项目（KFJ-STS-ZDTP-075）

Effects of Astragalus membranaceus and Dextran Sodium Sulfate Stimulation on Intestinal Hindgut Fermentation and Microbial Composition of Lambs

TIAN Quanhua^1,2, ZHAO Xu¹, LIU Yong², WEI Lingyun¹, TAN Zhiliang^2,3, HE Zhixiong^2,3

1. School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition & Physiology and Metabolism, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2021-02-08 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-09-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在评估饲粮添加黄芪和葡聚糖硫酸钠盐（dextran sulfate sodium，DSS）刺激对羔羊后肠道发酵和微生物组成的影响。试验分为DSS刺激前和刺激后2个阶段。在第1阶段，选取36头42日龄健康、体重相近（5.2 kg±2.0 kg）的断奶湘东黑山羊，随机分配到对照组（CON，n=16；饲喂基础饲粮）和黄芪组（AP，n=20；饲喂基础饲粮＋10 g/（d·头）黄芪根粉），饲喂36 d后（包括7 d预饲期）屠宰（除去第2阶段各组选取的6只羔羊外，剩余的均屠宰），收集盲肠组织和食糜样品用以评估饲粮添加黄芪对羔羊后肠道发酵和微生物组成的影响；第2阶段，在试验第36天，从CON组和AP组中分别随机选取6只羔羊进行DSS刺激（4%体重剂量口服），持续8 d后屠宰，收集盲肠组织和食糜样品用以评估羔羊后肠道发酵和微生物在DSS刺激后的变化情况。结果表明：①与CON组羔羊相比，AP组羔羊盲肠发酵参数及微生物组成均无显著差异（P>0.05）；②与DSS刺激前羔羊相比，DSS刺激后羔羊盲肠微生物发酵所产生乙酸含量降低，丁酸含量显著升高（P<0.05）；③与DSS刺激前羔羊相比，DSS刺激后羔羊盲肠黏附总细菌（total bacteria）和梭菌XIVa （Clostridium cluster XIVa）数量显著增加（P<0.05），食糜中梭菌XIVa和乳酸杆菌（Lactobacillus）含量显著降低（P<0.05）；④16S rDNA测序结果显示，在门水平上，不同处理羔羊厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）占80%以上，其次是变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和软壁菌门（Tenericutes）；不同处理羔羊肠道微生物组成无显著差异（P>0.05）；⑤短链脂肪酸浓度与碳水化合物代谢菌之间存在显著相关性。上述结果表明，饲粮中添加黄芪根粉对羔羊盲肠微生物发酵能力和微生物组成无显著影响，DSS刺激会降低盲肠微生物发酵乙酸能力和有益微生物的数量，改变细菌在属水平相对丰度。

关键词: 黄芪; 羔羊; 肠道发酵参数; 微生物多样性

Abstract: This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Astragalus membranaceus (AP) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) on hindgut fermentation and microbial composition of lambs. The experiment was divided into two stages:Before and after DSS stimulation. In the first stage, 36 healthy, weaned Xiangdong Black goats with similar body weight (5.2 kg±2.0 kg) at 42 days old were randomly assigned to control group (CON, n=16;basic diet) and Astragalus group (AP, n=20;basic diet supplemented with 10 g/d). Lambs were slaughtered (except for 6 lambs selected in each group in the second stage, the rest were all slaughtered) after 36 days of feeding (including 7 days of pre feeding period), cecal tissue and chyme were collected to evaluate the effect of supplementing AP on hindgut fermentation and microbial composition. In the second stage, on the 36th day of the experiment, six lambs in CON group and AP group were randomly selected for DSS stimulation (4% body weight dose group). 8 days after stimulation, all lambs were slaughtered, and cecal tissue and chyme were collected to evaluate the hindgut fermentation and microbial composition changes after DSS stimulation. The results showed that:①Compared with CON group, the caecum fermentation parameters and microbial composition of AP group were not significantly different (P>0.05). ②Compared with the pre-DSS, acetate concentration was decreased while the butyrate was significantly increased in the DSS (P<0.05). ③Compared with the pre-DSS, the copy number of total bacteria and Clostridium cluster XIVa in tissue in the DSS was increased (P<0.05), but the copy number of Clostridium cluster XIVa and Lactobacillus in the chyme were decreased (P<0.05). ④The 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing results showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes was more than 80% in all groups, followed by Proteobacteria and Tenericutes. No significant difference was observed in hindgut microbial composition between different treatment groups (P>0.05). ⑤A significant correlation between short chain fatty acids concentration and carbohydrate utilizing bacteria were observed. In conclusion, these results provided evidence that AP inclusion in the diet of lambs had no significant effect on the hindgut fermentation and microbial composition (P>0.05). In contrast, the addition of DSS in the diet could reduce acetate concentrations and the number of beneficial bacteria, change the relative abundance of bacteria at the genus level.

Key words: Astragalus membranaceus; lambs; intestinal fermentation parameters; microbial diversity

中图分类号:

S816.7

田全华, 赵旭, 刘勇, 魏凌云, 谭支良, 贺志雄. 饲粮添加黄芪和葡聚糖硫酸钠盐刺激对羔羊后肠道发酵和微生物组成的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(9): 3242-3253.

TIAN Quanhua, ZHAO Xu, LIU Yong, WEI Lingyun, TAN Zhiliang, HE Zhixiong. Effects of Astragalus membranaceus and Dextran Sodium Sulfate Stimulation on Intestinal Hindgut Fermentation and Microbial Composition of Lambs[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(9): 3242-3253.

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饲粮添加黄芪和葡聚糖硫酸钠盐刺激对羔羊后肠道发酵和微生物组成的影响

Effects of Astragalus membranaceus and Dextran Sodium Sulfate Stimulation on Intestinal Hindgut Fermentation and Microbial Composition of Lambs

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