甘肃省部分地区兔艾美耳球虫分子流行病学调查研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.05.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为调查甘肃省兔艾美耳球虫的感染状况、虫种分布和风险因素，本研究从甘肃省平凉、酒泉、武威地区采集5个不同品种兔的592份粪便样品，提取粪便样品中的基因组DNA，基于艾美耳球虫核糖体第1内转录间隔区（ITS1）设计引物，采用特异性PCR扩增兔艾美耳球虫基因片段。结果发现，兔艾美耳球虫的总感染率为50%（296/592）；通过序列比对分析共鉴定出7种不同的兔艾美耳球虫，分别是大型艾美耳球虫（24.5%，145/592）、肠艾美耳球虫（4.1%，24/592）、中型艾美耳球虫（11.5%，68/592）、穿孔艾美耳球虫（19.8%，117/592）、维氏艾美耳球虫（24.5%，145/592）、小型艾美耳球虫（4.9%，29/592）和盲肠艾美耳球虫（0.84%，5/592）；以大型艾美耳球虫、维氏艾美耳球虫、穿孔艾美耳球虫为优势虫种，同时发现所调查的兔中有多重感染的情况，最多包括四重感染。统计学分析显示，地区因素（P<0.05）、品种因素（P<0.05）和年龄因素（P<0.05）是影响兔艾美耳球虫感染率的风险因素，提示应该针对这3种因素采取有效的防控措施。本研究结果揭示了甘肃省部分地区养殖场兔的艾美耳球虫感染率、虫种分布和感染率的风险因素，为预防和控制甘肃省地区养殖兔的艾美耳球虫病提供了科学依据。

关键词: 艾美耳球虫; 兔; 感染虫种; 风险因素

Abstract: In order to investigate the prevalence,species of Eimeria and risk factors in rabbits in Gansu province,in this study,592 fecal samples of 5 different species of rabbits were collected from Pingliang,Jiuquan and Wuwei cities of Gansu province,and the genomic DNA of each sample was extracted.The Eimeria rabbit species-specific PCR method was used to amplify the Eimeria rabbit gene fragment based on the ribosomal first inner transcribed spacer (ITS1) primers.The results showed that overall prevalence of Eimeria in rabbits was 50%(296/592).Sequencing analysis showed that a total of 7 different Eimeria species in rabbits were identified,including E.magna (24.5%,145/592),E.intestinalis (4.1%,24/592),E.media (11.5%,68/592),E.perforans (19.8%,117/ 592),E.vejdovskyi (24.5%,145/592),E.exigua (4.9%,29/592) and E.coecicola (0.84%,5/592).The E.magna,E.vejdovskyi and E.perforans were the dominant species in rabbits.Moreover,multiple infections had been found,and up to quadruple infections.Statistical analysis showed that region (P<0.05),breed (P<0.05) and age (P<0.05) were the risk factors affecting the prevalence of Eimeria in rabbits,suggesting that we should take effective measures to prevent and control these three factors.The present study revealed the prevalence,Eimeria species and risk factor in rabbits infection in some areas of Gansu province.The results provided scientific basis information for the prevention and control of Eimeria in rabbits in Gansu province.

Key words: Eimeria spp.; rabbits; infected species; risk factors

中图分类号:

S855.9

陈红, 李涛善, 邹扬, 梁霞霞, 曹富琼, 朱兴全, 孙晓林. 甘肃省部分地区兔艾美耳球虫分子流行病学调查研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(5): 1735-1744.

CHEN Hong, LI Taoshan, ZOU Yang, LIANG Xiaxia, CAO Fuqiong, ZHU Xingquan, SUN Xiaolin. Molecular Epidemiology Investigation of Eimeria spp.in Rabbits in Some Areas of Gansu Province[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(5): 1735-1744.

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