香炉山鸡线粒体DNA D-Loop区遗传多样性及系统进化研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.09.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在研究香炉山鸡的遗传多样性与系统进化。利用PCR扩增结合双向测序的方法对121只香炉山鸡线粒体DNA D-Loop（mtDNA D-Loop）区全长序列进行分析，并对mtDNA D-Loop区全长序列组成、变异与母系起源进行探讨。结果发现，香炉山鸡mtDNA D-Loop区全长序列为1 231~1 233 bp，A、T、C、G碱基含量分别为26.62%、33.55%、26.49%、13.34%，表现出T碱基含量最高，G碱基含量最低，A+T含量明显高于G+C含量，说明此区可能具有一定的碱基嗜好性；121条全长序列经分析发现共存在11种单倍型，26个变异位点，其中单一多态信息位点2个，简约信息位点24个，另外存在4处碱基插入与2处碱基缺失。遗传多样性分析发现，单倍型多样度为0.814，核苷酸多样度为0.00447，平均核酸差异数为5.494，表明香炉山鸡遗传多样性比较丰富，保种效果较好，具有一定的选育空间。经Tajima Test检测发现，Tajima's D值为0.39378，检验结果不显著（P>0.10），符合中性突变。聚类分析结果显示，香炉山鸡与红色原鸡聚为一支，说明香炉山鸡起源于红色原鸡；在分支内部又有4个分支，说明香炉山鸡存在多个母系起源。研究结果可为香炉山鸡种质资源保护与开发利用提供一定的参考数据。

关键词: 香炉山鸡; 线粒体DNA D-Loop区(mtDNA D-Loop); 遗传多样性; 单倍型多样性

Abstract: This study was aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and phylogenetic evolution in Xianglushan chicken.The full-length sequences of mitochondrial DNA D-Loop (mtDNA D-Loop) region of 121 Xianglushan chickens were analyzed by PCR amplification combined with bidirectional sequencing,and the composition,variation and maternal origin of mtDNA D-Loop region were discussed.The results showed that the total length of mtDNA D-Loop region in Xianglushan chicken was 1 231-1 233 bp.The contents of A,T,C and G were 26.62%,33.55%,26.49% and 13.34%,respectively.The content of T was the highest,the content of G was the lowest,and the content of A+T was significantly higher than that of G+C,it indicated that region might have certain base hobbies.Analysis of 121 full-length sequences were found to coexist in 11 haplotypes and 26 mutation sites,of which 2 were single polymorphic information sites,24 were simple information sites,4 bases were inserted and 2 bases were missing.The genetic diversity analysis results showed that the haplotype diversity was 0.814,the nucleotide diversity was 0.00447,the average nucleic acid difference was 5.494,which indicated that the genetic diversity of Xianglushan chicken was relatively rich,the effect of preservation was better,which had a certain breeding space.Tajima's D was 0.39378 and the test results were not significant (P>0.10),in line with neutral mutations.The cluster analysis results showed that Xianglushan chicken and Gallus gallus gathered as one,indicating that Xianglushan chicken originated from Gallus gallus, and there were 4 branches inside the branch,indicating that Xianglushan chicken had many matrilineal origins.The results could provide some reference data for the protection and exploitation of pheasant germplasm resources in Xianglushan chicken.

Key words: Xianglushan chicken; mitochondrial DNA D-Loop (mtDNA D-Loop); genetic diversity; haplotype diversity

中图分类号:

S813.3

李兴才, 潘成勇, 李辉, 杨华婷, 陈林, 肖涛. 香炉山鸡线粒体DNA D-Loop区遗传多样性及系统进化研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(9): 2633-2641.

LI Xingcai, PAN Chengyong, LI Hui, YANG Huating, CHEN Lin, XIAO Tao. Study on Genetic Diversity and System Evolution of mtDNA D-Loop Region in Xianglushan Chicken[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(9): 2633-2641.

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