去乙酰化酶3对线粒体功能和猪生长发育影响的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.09.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 去乙酰化酶3（Sirt3）是去乙酰化酶家族的一员，具有高度的去乙酰基酶活性，对动物体的生长发育、衰老、代谢等生理过程具有调控作用。目前的研究表明，Sirt3可以激活超氧化物歧化酶、调控三羧酸循环和促进电子传递链3个途径，消除细胞内的活性氧（ROS），避免细胞的氧化损伤和线粒体膜电位的损伤，进而影响细胞凋亡与自噬；并可通过调控ROS、降低各种退行性疾病的发病率等途径减缓衰老。同时，Sirt3通过激活AMP依赖的蛋白激酶（AMPK）等途径影响肌肉的发育。对猪的研究表明，不同Sirt3突变型猪的肌肉色值和失水率等肉质指标存在差异，且Sirt3对脂肪酸氧化和酮体生成有一定的影响。在对与猪Sirt3蛋白有较高同源性的牛进行的研究中发现，不同Sirt3突变型的牛体长、体高、肌肉脂肪含量等指标存在显著差异。作者总结了Sirt3对线粒体的能量代谢和细胞氧化损伤的调控机制及其对细胞凋亡、细胞自噬和机体衰老的影响，阐述了猪Sirt3蛋白的部分理化性质及其对猪生长发育的作用机制，以期为了解和挖掘该基因在猪肌肉和脂肪发育中的生物学作用，以及家畜生产性状改良提供理论依据。

关键词: 去乙酰化酶3(Sirt3); 猪; 线粒体; 脂肪; 肌肉

Abstract: Sirt3,a member of the Sirtuin family,has a high degree of deacetylase activity,which regulates the growth,aging,metabolism and other physiological processes of animals.Current research indicates that Sirt3 can activate superoxide dismutase,regulate tricarboxylic acid cycle and promote electron transport chain to eliminate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS),avoid oxidative damage of cells and damage of mitochondrial membrane potential,to affects apoptosis and autophagy;Sirt3 can slow down aging by regulating ROS and reducing the incidence of various degenerative diseases.In addition,the Sirt3 affects muscle development by various ways such as activating AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK).Studies on pigs showed that there were differences in meat quality such as muscle color and water loss rate of different Sirt3 mutants,and Sirt3 had an effect on fatty acid oxidation and ketone body formation.The study of the cattle Sirt3 protein,which has high homology to the pig Sirt3 protein,found that there were significant differences in the body length,body height and muscle fat content of different mutant Sirt3.The authors summarized the regulation mechanism of Sirt3 on mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxidative damage,and its effects on apoptosis,autophagy and aging.They also described partial physicochemical properties of Sirt3 protein of pig and the mechanism of its effects on pig growth and development,in order to explore the biological role of this gene in pig muscle and fat development and provide a theoretical basis for animal production improvement.

Key words: Sirt3; pig; mitochondrion; fat; muscle

中图分类号:

S828

徐磊, 彭玥晗, 许金蔓, 鞠辉明. 去乙酰化酶3对线粒体功能和猪生长发育影响的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(9): 2560-2566.

XU Lei, PENG Yuehan, XU Jinman, JU Huiming. Advances in Studies on the Effects of Sirt3 on Mitochondrial Function and Porcine Growth[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(9): 2560-2566.

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