豫西黑猪与确山黑猪体尺指标、屠宰性能、肉品质及血液指标比较分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.07.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解豫西黑猪屠宰性能、肉品质等遗传性状，以及与河南地方猪确山黑猪间的差异，本研究挑选相同条件下健康的豫西黑猪（120.28 kg±6.96 kg）和确山黑猪（117.80 kg±8.76 kg）各8头，按相关规定开展体尺指标、屠宰性能、肉品质及血液指标测定，即对豫西黑猪与确山黑猪体尺指标（体高、体长、胸围、管围等）、屠宰性能（胴体重、胴体长、皮率、骨率、屠宰率等）、肉品质（肉色、大理石纹、pH、肌内脂肪、粗灰分等）、血液指标（白细胞数、红细胞数、血小板数、血小板压积等）及两种猪肌肉氨基酸含量进行了测定。结果表明，豫西黑猪体长、胴体长、皮率和头重均显著低于确山黑猪（P<0.05），背膘厚、瘦肉率、脾脏重、心脏重和眼肌面积均极显著或显著高于确山黑猪（P<0.01；P<0.05）。在肉品质方面，豫西黑猪大理石纹评分、pH_{45 min}、pH_{24 h}、粗蛋白质及粗灰分含量均显著或极显著低于确山黑猪（P<0.05；P<0.01），但水分和磷含量均显著或极显著高于确山黑猪（P<0.05；P<0.01）。在血液指标方面，豫西黑猪血小板数目和血小板压积均极显著低于确山黑猪（P<0.01），但其他指标与确山黑猪无明显差异（P>0.05）。豫西黑猪精氨酸、缬氨酸和组氨酸含量均显著或极显著高于确山黑猪（P<0.05；P<0.01），甘氨酸含量极显著低于确山黑猪（P<0.01）。综上所述，豫西黑猪和确山黑猪在体尺指标、肉品质及血液指标方面均无明显差异，在屠宰性能方面豫西黑猪稍优于确山黑猪，均可为消费者提供品质优良的猪肉。

关键词: 豫西黑猪; 确山黑猪; 体尺指标; 屠宰性能; 肉品质; 血液指标

Abstract:

To understand the slaughter performance and meat quality of Yuxi Black pigs,and compare these indexes with Henan indigenous Queshan Black pigs,eight Yuxi Black pigs (120.28 kg±6.96 kg) and eight Queshan Black pigs (117.80 kg±8.76 kg) under the same conditions were randomly selected to investigate the body size indexes,slaughter performance,meat quality and blood indicators according to related rules.The body size indexes (body height,body length,chest circumference and cannon circumference,etc.),slaughter performance (carcass weight,carcass length,skin rate,bone rate and slaughter rate,etc.),meat quality (meat color,marbling score,pH,intramuscular fat and crude ash,etc.),blood indicators (white blood cell count (WBC),red blood cell number (RBC),platelet number (PLT) and thrombocytocrit (PCT),etc.) and the amino acids content in muscle between Yuxi Black pigs and Queshan Black pigs were analyzed.The results showed that the body length,carcass length,skin rate and head weight of Yuxi Black pigs were significantly lower than that of Queshan Black pigs (P<0.05),whereas the backfat thickness,lean meat rate,spleen weight,heart weight and lion eye area of Yuxi Black pigs were extremely significantly or significantly higher than that of Queshan Black pigs (P<0.01;P<0.05).For the meat quality,the marbling score,pH_{45 min},pH_{24 h},and the contents of crude protein and crude ash of Yuxi Black pigs were significantly or extremely significantly lower than that of Queshan Black pigs (P<0.05;P<0.01),while the contents of moisture and phosphorus were significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of Queshan Black pigs (P<0.05;P<0.01).For the blood indicators,the PLT and PCT of Yuxi Black pigs were extremely significantly lower than that of Queshan Black pigs (P<0.01),but there was no significant difference of other blood indicators between Yuxi Black pigs and Queshan Black pigs (P>0.05).The contents of Arg,Val and His in Yuxi Black pigs were significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of Queshan Black pigs (P<0.05;P<0.01),and the content of Gly was extremely significantly lower than that of Queshan Black pigs (P<0.01).In conclusion,there was no significant difference in body size indexes,meat quality and blood indicators between Yuxi Black pigs and Queshan Black pigs,the slaughter performance of Yuxi Black pigs was slightly better than Queshan Black pigs,both of which could provide consumers with quality pork.

Key words: Yuxi Black pigs; Queshan Black pigs; body size index; slaughter performance; meat quality; blood indicator

中图分类号:

S828

王明宇, 张晨, 薛亚辉, 叶建伟, 韩雪蕾, 乔瑞敏, 李秀领, 刘贤, 王献伟, 吴胜军, 王明旻, 李新建. 豫西黑猪与确山黑猪体尺指标、屠宰性能、肉品质及血液指标比较分析[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(7): 1935-1944.

WANG Mingyu, ZHANG Chen, XUE Yahui, YE Jianwei, HAN Xuelei, QIAO Ruimin, LI Xiuling, LIU Xian, WANG Xianwei, WU Shengjun, WANG Mingmin, LI Xinjian. Comparative Analysis of Body Size Indexes,Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality and Blood Indicators Between Yuxi Black Pigs and Queshan Black Pigs[J]. , 2019, 46(7): 1935-1944.

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