维生素A过量对肉鸡早期骨骼钙磷代谢的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.06.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验通过研究维生素A过量对肉鸡早期骨形成生化指标及组织中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和骨钙素（BGP）基因表达的影响，旨在为深入研究日粮维生素A过量对肉鸡骨骼钙磷代谢产生负面影响的机理提供理论基础。采用完全随机试验设计，将450只1日龄健康爱拔益加（AA）肉鸡（公母各半）称重后随机等分为5个处理组，每个处理6个重复，每个重复15只鸡。各处理组日粮分别在基础日粮中添加3 000、6 000、15 000、30 000和60 000 IU/kg维生素A。试验期28 d，分别于试验第14、28天从每个重复中随机抽取1只鸡，翅静脉采血制备血清后随即宰杀，在冰浴上迅速分离右侧肝脏、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、胫骨组织，-80℃保存备用。试验结果表明，随日粮维生素A添加剂量的升高，肉鸡血清BGP浓度、ALP活性和骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BAP）活性及胫骨、肝脏及小肠组织中ALP、BGP mRNA相对表达量均呈显著（P<0.05）或趋于显著的一次线性或一元二次（P<0.10）降低，通过回归分析得出：维生素A水平在42 766~47 185 IU/kg时，肉鸡14 d胫骨和肝脏ALP mRNA相对表达量、肝脏BGP mRNA相对表达量，28 d的血清ALP活性及肝脏ALP mRNA相对表达量、胫骨和回肠的BGP mRNA相对表达量最低。综合试验结果，维生素A线性降低了肉鸡早期血清BAP活性；日粮维生素A以剂量依赖模式影响肉鸡早期血清BGP浓度、ALP活性及其在组织中的基因表达，42 766~47 185 IU/kg维生素A对上述指标的降低作用较大，提示日粮维生素A过量可抑制肉鸡早期骨形成相关生化指标的活性，并下调胫骨、肝脏及小肠组织中ALP、BGP mRNA的相对表达量。

关键词: 维生素A; 肉鸡; 早期; 骨骼; 碱性磷酸酶(ALP); 骨钙素(BGP)

Abstract:

The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of excess vitamin A (VA) on biochemical indexes of bone formation and the relative expression of alkaline phoshatase (ALP) and bone gla-protein (BGP) mRNA in small intestine,tibia and liver of broilers during early growth,and provide theoretical basis for further demonstrating the negative effects of excessive VA on calcium and phosphorus deposition in broiler chickens.The completely randomized design was used in this experiment.225 male and 225 female one-day-old AA broilers with similar body weight were divided into five treatment groups with six replicates of fifteen chicks each.The broilers were fed the basal diets supplemented with 3 000,6 000,15 000,30 000 or 60 000 IU/kg VA,respectively.The trial lasted for 28 d.At the age of 14,28 d,one bird from each replicate of each treatment was randomly selected and blood sample was obtained from the wing vein.The same birds used to obtain blood samples were killed,and liver,duodenum,jejunum,ileum and tibia samples were quickly removed and stored at -80℃.The regression analysis results showed that the contents of BGP,activities of ALP and BAP in serum,the relative expressions of ALP and BGP mRNA in the tibia,liver and small intestine of broilers during early growth significantly decreased (P<0.05) or tended to significantly decrease (P<0.10) linearly or quadratically with the increase of dietary VA.And the relative expressions of ALP mRNA in the tibia and liver and the relative expressions of BGP mRNA in the liver of broilers on the day 14 of experiment,ALP activity in serum and the relative expressions of ALP mRNA in the liver and the relative expressions of BGP mRNA in the tibia and ileum of broilers on the day 28 of experiment were the lowest when VA supplemental level was 42 766 to 47 185 IU/kg.These results implied that the dietary VA could reduce the serum BAP activity of broilers during early growth in linear and regulated the contents of BGP and ALP activity in serum,the relative expressions of the ALP and BGP mRNA in the tibia,liver and small intestine of broilers in a dose-dependent manner during early growth,and diets supplemented with 42 766 to 47 185 IU/kg VA had stronger inhibition effect on above indexes.These results implied that excess VA suppressed biochemical markers of bone formation and reduced the ALP and BGP mRNA in the tibia,liver and small intestine of broilers during early growth.

Key words: vitamin A; broiler; early growth period; bone; alkaline phosphatase(ALP); bone gla-protein(BGP)

中图分类号:

S816.7

郭晓宇, 闫素梅, 史彬林, 李胤豪, 韩俊英, 赵艳丽. 维生素A过量对肉鸡早期骨骼钙磷代谢的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(6): 1660-1667.

GUO Xiaoyu, YAN Sumei, SHI Binlin, LI Yinhao, HAN Junying, ZHAO Yanli. Effects of Excess Vitamin A on Metabolism of Calcium and Phosphorous of Broilers During Early Growth Period[J]. , 2019, 46(6): 1660-1667.

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