利用体外产气法评定不同比例氨化秸秆替代苜蓿的组合效应

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2017.12.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验旨在研究苜蓿（alfalfa meal，AM）和氨化秸秆（ammoniated corn straw，ACS）的最佳组合比例，以提高粗饲料的利用率并降低饲养成本。将AM与ACS分别以100：0、80：20、60：40、50：50、40：60、20：80和0：100比例进行混合，每种组合3个重复，利用体外产气法评定不同组合发酵3、6、12、24、48 h的累积产气量（GP），及发酵48 h时发酵液pH、干物质降解率（DMD）、氨态氮（NH₃-N）、微生物蛋白（MCP）和挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度，进而计算不同组合的单项组合效应指数（SFAEI）和多项组合效应指数（MFAEI）。结果显示，发酵48 h时，AM20：ACS80组的累积产气量最高；而AM0：ACS100组的DMD显著低于其余各组（P<0.05）；AM20：ACS80组和AM0：ACS100组的NH₃-N浓度显著高于其他组（P<0.05）；AM20：ACS80组MCP浓度最高；AM20：ACS80组的乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度显著高于其他组（P<0.05），各组乙酸/丙酸的比值均大于3，属于乙酸发酵型；发酵期间各组pH的变化范围为6.69~6.85。以MFAEI和SFAEI对各项指标进行评定时，仅有AM20：ACS80组出现正组合效应。由此可见，AM和ACS的比例为20：80时组合效应最佳。

关键词: 苜蓿; 氨化秸秆; 饲料组合效应; 瘤胃发酵参数

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to determine the best roughage combination of alfalfa meal (AM) and ammoniated corn straw (ACS),so as to improve the efficiency of roughage utilization and reduce the cost of feeding. The AM was mixed with ACS in the proportion of 100:0,80:20,60:40,50:50,40:60,20:80 and 0:100 with 3 replicates per group. The accumulated gas production (GP) at fermentation for 3,6,12,24,48 h,and the changes of pH,dry matter disappearance rate (DMD),ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) concentration, microbial protein (MCP) and volatile fat acids (VFA) concentration,and their single factor associative effects index (SFAEI) and multiply factors associative effects index (MFAEI) were determined by gas production technique in vitro after fermentation for 48 h. The results showed as follows:The accumulated gas production of AM20:ACS80 group was higher than that of the other groups,and the DMD of AM0:ACS100 group was significantly lower than other groups (P<0.05).The NH₃-N concentration of AM20:ACS80 and AM0:ACS100 groups was significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05).The MCP concentration was highest in AM20:ACS80 group,and the concentration of acetic acid and TVFA in AM20:ACS80 group was the highest (P<0.05),and the acetic acid/propionic acid ratio in all groups was more than 3,which indicating that it belonged to the acetic acid fermentation type.The pH during the fermentation ranged from 6.69 to 6.85.The results of MFAEI and SFAEI of each combination indicated that only the AM20:ACS80 group showed the positive associative effects. In conclusion,the 20:80 combination ratio for AM and ACS showed the best associative effects.

Key words: alfalfa meal (AM); ammoniated corn straw (ACS); associative effects; rumen fermentation parameters

中图分类号:

S816.5

于满满, 姜雨轩, 张美美, 谢小来, 王晨曦. 利用体外产气法评定不同比例氨化秸秆替代苜蓿的组合效应[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2017, 44(12): 3497-3504.

YU Man-man, JIANG Yu-xuan, ZHANG Mei-mei, XIE Xiao-lai, WANG Chen-xi. Evaluation of Associative Effects of Alfalfa Meal and Ammoniated Corn Straw by Gas Production Technique in vitro[J]. , 2017, 44(12): 3497-3504.

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