蛋鸡首免乙型脑炎病毒后卵黄抗体变化规律的研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.10.041

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验旨在研究疫苗、免疫剂量和注射方式对卵黄抗体效价规律的影响，探讨制备抗猪乙型脑炎病毒卵黄抗体蛋鸡的最佳免疫程序。选用无免疫褐羽蛋鸡180只，随机分成18组，每组10只。1、2组均为对照组，注射无菌生理盐水；3~10组采用皮下和肌肉两种注射方式，并依次注射灭活苗0.2、0.5、1.0和1.5 mL；11~18组同样采取两种注射方式，依次免疫相同剂量弱毒苗。各试验组分别于免疫前1 d、免疫后第3、7、10、14、18、21和28天采集当日鸡蛋6枚，提取卵黄抗体，测定效价。试验结果显示，1~6、11、12组卵黄抗体效价均为0，未产生明显免疫应答；7~10组注射灭活苗后7 d，平均卵黄抗体效价达到峰值，抗体持续时间为14 d；13~18组注射弱毒苗后14 d达到最高值，抗体持续时间为21 d；注射剂量相同但注射方式不同的两组之间比较，卵黄抗体效价差异不显著（P>0.05）；相同注射方式，相同疫苗的各试验组间，随着免疫剂量的增加卵黄抗体效价逐渐加强，且差异显著（P<0.05）。以上结果表明，肌肉或皮下两种注射方式，蛋鸡产生明显免疫应答至少需要免疫灭活苗1.0 mL或弱毒苗0.5 mL。比较弱毒苗与灭活苗，灭活苗刺激机体产生的抗体速度较快，但维持时间较短；较少剂量弱毒苗就可刺激机体产生抗体，但速度慢、维持时间长。

关键词: 乙型脑炎病毒; 卵黄抗体; 免疫程序

Abstract:

The purpose of this experiment was to study the immunization rule of the egg yolk antibody affected by different vaccines,immunization dose and injection ways and further to discuss the optimal immunization procedures of the laying hens for the preparation of egg yolk antibody against swine Japanese encephalitis virus.180 brown laying hens without any vaccines were selected and divided into 18 groups randomly,each group of 10 hens.Groups 1,2 were the control groups,injected with the sterile saline;Groups 3 to 10 were injected with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,and the vaccine was injected with 0.2,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 mL successively.Groups 11 to 18 were also adopted two kinds of injection,followed by the same dose of vaccine immunization.Six eggs of each experimental group were gathered before immune day and after 3,7,10,14,18,21 and 28 days,the egg yolk antibody was extracted and the titer was determined.As a result,the egg yolk antibody titers of groups 1 to 6,11 and 12 were all 0,and no significant immune response produced;The hens from 7 to 10 groups were injected with the inactivated vaccine.After 7 days,the average antibody titer reached the peak,and the duration of the antibody was 14 days.The hens from 13 to 18 groups were injected with the attenuated virus vaccine.After 14 days,the average antibody titer reached the highest value,and the duration of the antibody was 21 days.The egg yolk antibody titers were not significantly different in the two compared experiment groups with the same injection dose but with different injection ways (P>0.05).With the same injection way of each experiment group,and the difference was significant (P>0.05).Compared with some groups with the same injection and vaccine,the titer of yolk antibody was gradually increased with the increase of the immune dose,and the difference was significant (P<0.05).The results showed that,no matter intramuscular or subcutaneous injection,in order to produce a significant immune response to hens,the immune antigen dose was 1.0 mL inactivated vaccine or 0.5 mL attenuated vaccine at least.Compared with the attenuated and inactivated vaccine,inactivated vaccine stimulated the body to produce the antibody faster,but the maintenance time was shorter;The lower dose of attenuated vaccine could stimulate the body to produce antibodies,but the speed was slower,the maintenance time was longer.

Key words: Japanese encephalitis virus; egg yolk antibody; immunization procedure

中图分类号:

S858.31

王超群, 方旭, 宋子域, 黄岩, 庞洁, 赵建国. 蛋鸡首免乙型脑炎病毒后卵黄抗体变化规律的研究[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2016, 43(10): 2786-2791.

WANG Chao-qun, FANG Xu, SONG Zi-yu, HUANG Yan, PANG Jie, ZHAO Jian-guo. Study on the Change Rule of Egg Yolk Antibody in Laying Hens after First Immunization by Japanese Encephalitis Virus[J]. , 2016, 43(10): 2786-2791.

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