影响羊肉风味的因素研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.05.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 羊肉的风味在一定程度上影响消费者的接受度,因此对羊肉风味的研究备受关注。脂肪组织是羊肉最明显的风味来源,而呈现羊肉风味的化合物主要有支链脂肪酸、醛类化合物、酚类化合物及酮类物质等。品种、性别和年龄等遗传因素、饲料营养水平及各种添加物质等营养因素、饲养方式及疾病等因素均可影响羊肉风味。脂肪组成和代谢的遗传控制可以形成品种特有的风味,而脂肪氧化产物碳酰化合物种类和数量的差异是种间风味差异的主要原因。性别不同在脂肪含量及组成上存在差异,对羊肉风味也有影响。随着动物年龄的增长,皮下脂肪沉积增多,饱和脂肪酸比例增大,脂质氧化物的浓度增加,羊肉的风味也会变得强烈。不同部位的羊肉因挥发性化合物的种类和含量不同而在风味上存在差异。羊肉的风味受到采食饲料类型的影响,高蛋白饲料、高能量饲料、风味植物、不饱和脂肪酸含量高的籽实及其他添加剂均在一定程度上影响羊肉的风味。饲养方式与疾病因素也会使羊肉风味发生变化。饲养密度、光照等环境因素对羊肉风味也有不同程度的影响。养羊生产中可以通过品种选择、营养调控及科学饲养管理等途径来改善羊肉气味和风味。

关键词: 羊肉风味; 遗传因素; 营养因素; 饲养方式

Abstract: The flavor of mutton affects the acceptance of consumers.Adipose tissue is the most obvious source of mutton flavor, and the compounds presenting mutton flavor mainly include branched chain fatty acids, aldehyde compounds, phenolic compounds, ketone substance and so on.Mutton flavor is affected by genetic factors such as breed, sex, age, nutrition factors such as the nutrient level of diet and additive, feeding model and disease, etc.The effect of breed on the flavor may be achieved by the genetic control on fat composition and metabolism, and the amount of fat oxidation products is the main reason for different flavor among species.There are differences in fatty content and composition because of different sex, and it also has an effect on the flavor of mutton.Along with the growth of sheep, the deposits of subcutaneous fat, the proportion of saturated fatty acid, and the concentration of the lipid oxide increase, all these led to strong flavor of the lamb.Each parts of the lamb has different flavor because of the differences kind and content of the volatile compounds.The types of diet have a certain influence on mutton flavor, such as high protein feed, high energy feed, flavor plant, seeds with high content of unsaturated fatty acid and other additives.Feeding mode and disease factor also can make a change of mutton flavor.Other factors, such as the feeding density, illumination and so on, also have effects on the flavor of mutton in varying degrees.The flavor of mutton can be improved through breed selection, nutrition regulation and scientific feeding and management during sheep production.

Key words: mutton flavor; genetic factor; nutrition factor; feeding mode

中图分类号:

S826.9⁺2

席继锋, 邓双义, 王香祖. 影响羊肉风味的因素研究进展[J]. , 2016, 43(5): 1237-1243.

XI Ji-feng, DENG Shuang-yi, WANG Xiang-zu. Research Progress on Influence Factors of Mutton Flavor[J]. , 2016, 43(5): 1237-1243.

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