非遗传因素对中国美利奴羊(新疆型)主要经济性状的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.06.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探索非遗传因素对中国美利奴羊（新疆型）主要经济性状的影响，试验对拜城种羊场1992-2010年共19年周岁母羊鉴定记录进行统计分析，利用最小二乘方差分析法研究出生年份、群别及出生月份3个非遗传因素对周岁母羊鉴定记录的6个主观鉴定性状（头毛评分、毛密度评分、毛弯曲评分、毛细度评分、体型外貌评分、品种等级评分）和4个客观测定性状（毛长度、鉴定时体重、剪毛后体重、剪毛量）共10个经济性状的影响。结果表明，出生年份和群别对10个性状均有极显著影响（P<0.01）；出生月份对除毛密度评分、毛细度评分、品种等级评分外的其他7个性状均有极显著影响（P<0.01）。从毛细度、毛长度和剪毛量3个最主要的性状来看，2008年毛细度评分最高，显著高于2006、2007和2010年（P<0.05）；1996年毛长度最长，显著高于1994、2002、2004、2006、2007、2008和2010年（P<0.05），与1995、2003和2009年差异不显著（P>0.05）；1995年剪毛量最多，显著高于1994和2009年（P<0.05），与1992年差异不显著（P>0.05）；除此之外，其他年份的毛细度评分、毛长度和剪毛量均极显著低于最高值（P<0.01）。除2号群外，不同群别各有优势。1、2月份出生的羊较3、4月份好。由此可见，出生年份、群别和出生月份非遗传因素对中国美利奴羊（新疆型）的主要经济性状存在显著影响，因此，在遗传参数估计和遗传评定时应该综合考虑这些因素，从而为获得更为全面、准确的育种值及制定育种方案提供参考依据。

关键词: 中国美利奴羊(新疆型); 非遗传因素; 经济性状

Abstract:

To explore the effect of non-genetic factors on main economic traits in Chinese Merino sheep (Xinjiang type),a statistical analysis was made on the identification records of one year old ewe in 19 years from 1992 to 2010.The effect of three non-genetic factors (birth years,groups and birth months) on the six subjective traits (capilli score,wool density score,wool bending score,wool fineness score,body condition score and breed grade score) and four objective traits (wool staple length,evalution weight,clean fleece weight and greasy fleece weight) of the identification records of one year old ewe was studied using the least square analysis of variance.The results showed that birth years and groups had extremely significant effect on the 10 economic traits (P<0.01).Except the wool density score,wool fineness score and breed grade score,birth months had extremely significant effect on the other 7 economic traits (P<0.01).According to the 3 main traits (wool fineness score,wool staple length and greasy fleece weigh),the wool fineness score in 2008 was the highest and significantly higher than that in 2006, 2007 and 2010 (P<0.05);The wool staple length in 1996 was the highest and significantly higher than that in 1994,2002,2004,2006,2007,2008 and 2010 (P<0.05),and had no significant difference with 1995,2003 and 2009 (P>0.05);The greasy fleece weight in 1995 was the highest and significantly higher than that in 1994 and 2009 (P<0.05),and had no significant difference with 1992 (P>0.05).In addition,wool fineness score,wool staple length and greasy fleece weigh in other years were extremely significantly lower than the highest (P<0.01).Except group 2,different groups had advantages.Sheep born in January and February were better than that in March and April.It could be seen that the non-genetic factors of birth years,groups and birth months had significant influence on the main economic traits of Chinese Merino sheep (Xinjiang type).Therefore,these factors should be taken into account in the estimation of genetic parameters and genetic assessment,and it provided more reliable data references and laid theoretical basis for obtaining more comprehensive and accurate breeding value and breeding program.

Key words: Chinese Merino sheep (Xinjiang type); non-genetic factor; economic traits

中图分类号:

S826.8⁺6

侯芳, 臧长江, 王连群, 赵冰茹, 艾则孜·司马义, 卡哈尔·卡迪尔, 黄锡霞, 田可川. 非遗传因素对中国美利奴羊(新疆型)主要经济性状的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(6): 1608-1617.

HOU Fang, ZANG Changjiang, WANG Lianqun, ZHAO Bingru, AIZEZI·Simayi, KAHAER·Kadier, HUANG Xixia, TIAN Kechuan. Effect of Non-genetic Factors on Main Economic Traits in Chinese Merino Sheep Chinese Merino Sheep (Xinjiang Type)[J]. , 2018, 45(6): 1608-1617.

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