CRISPR/Cas9系统及其在鸡基因组编辑中应用的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.06.021

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years,the rapid development of genome editing promotes studies of functional genes associated with economically important traits and applications of molecular marker assisted breeding in livestock and poultry.Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) is a newly developed and highly efficient tool for genome editing.Compared with zinc finger endonuclease (ZFN) and transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN),it is characteristic of simple operation,low cost,highly efficient and wide application,which has been widely used in human cells,Drosophila melanogaster,zebrafish,mice,pig,chicken and plants for gene targeting.The CRISPR/Cas9 is the cutting edge of genome editing and broad application in livestock and poultry breeding.The CRISPR/Cas9 system is an acquired immune system which fights against invasion of exogenous virus or plasmids.It has been modified as efficient genome editing technique that can be directed to knockout,knock-in,or substitution of target genes by single guide RNA (sgRNA) to identify foreign DNA and target it for inactivation by nuclease-mediated cleavage.The chicken represents the first agricultural animal to complete its genome sequenced,which serves as an economically important animal and an ideal animal model in biological and molecular genetics studies.In this review,we summarize the evolutionary history,classification,functional mechanism,its application in chicken genome editing,and off-target effect,which will provide important references for gene function studies,genetic improvement of important economic traits,and molecular directed breeding in chickens.

Key words: CRISPR/Cas9 system; genome editing; chicken; off-target effect; molecular breeding

CLC Number:

QIU Guiru, WANG Zheng, HE Tingting, GENG Zhaoyu, JIN Sihua. Research Advances on CRISPR/Cas9 System and Its Application in Genome Editing in Chickens[J]. , 2018, 45(6): 1590-1598.

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Research Advances on CRISPR/Cas9 System and Its Application in Genome Editing in Chickens

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