不同GI与CBI组合饲粮对牦牛瘤胃和直肠细菌区系的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.05.013

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different forage grade index (GI) and carbohydrate balance index (CBI) combined diets on rumen and rectal bacterial flora of yaks,and to provide theoretical reference value for the regulation of nutrient digestion and absorption and rational dietary allocation of yaks.【Method】 Twelve healthy 3.5-year-old male yaks with similar weight were divided into three groups equally,which were corn silage-alfalfa hay-concentrate group (CAC),corn silage-wheat straw-concentrate group (CWC),and corn silage-oat hay-concentrate group (COC).All three groups of experimental yaks were fed with total mixed diet for 28 days.At the end of the experiment,rumen fluid and rectal stool samples were collected,and 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes of rumen and rectum bacterial flora.【Result】 For rumen,①The Chao1 index,Ace index,Simpson index and Shannon index of the rumen bacterial flora in the three groups were not significantly different (P>0.05).②PCoA analysis showed that there was significant PC1 difference in rumen flora between CAC and COC groups (P<0.05).③At the phylum level,the Actinobacteria in rumen of CWC group were significantly different from those in CAC and COC groups (P<0.05).At the genus level,there was no significant difference in rumen bacterial flora among the three groups (P>0.05).④Rumen bacterial gene function prediction showed that:The secondary differential KEGG metabolic pathways including replication and repair,cellular community-prokaryotes,cellular processes and signaling and environmental adaptation were significantly different in the rumen bacterial flora between CAC and COC groups (P<0.05),replication and repair,transcription,nucleotide metabolism,lipid metabolism,cellular community-prokaryotes and aging were significantly different between CAC and CWC groups (P<0.05),and lipid metabolism,metabolism of other amino acid and aging were significantly different between CWC and COC groups (P<0.05).For rectum,①The Chao1 index,Ace index,Simpson index and Shannon index of the rectal bacterial flora in three groups were not significantly different (P>0.05).②PCoA analysis showed that there was no significant difference in rectal bacterial flora among three groups (P>0.05).③There was no significant difference in rectal bacterial flora among three groups at phylum and genus levels (P>0.05).④Rectum bacterial gene function prediction showed that:Energy metabolism pathway was significantly different in the rectal bacterial flora between CAC and COC groups (P<0.05),membrane transport,energy metabolism,glycan biosynthesis and metabolism,metabolism of cofactors and vitamins,cell motility,folding,sorting and degradation,transcription and environmental adaptation were significantly different between CAC and CWC groups (P<0.05),and lipid metabolism was significantly different between CWC and COC groups (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Different GI and CBI diet combinations changed rumen bacterial flora,but rectal bacterial flora diversity was not affected.With the decrease of GI,there was a tendency to increase the abundance of rumen bacterial community,and the higher GI,the more likely it was to cause fat accumulation.

Key words: roughage grading index(GI); carbohydrate balance index(CBI); yak; bacterial flora

CLC Number:

S816.31

HAO Wenjun, XIA Hongze, JIAO Yang, CUI Zhanhong, LIU Shujie, ZHOU Lei, ZHOU Yuqing. Effects of Different Roughage Grading Index and Carbohydrate Balance Index Combinations Diets on Bacterial Flora in the Rumen and Rectum of Yaks[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(5): 1715-1726.

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Effects of Different Roughage Grading Index and Carbohydrate Balance Index Combinations Diets on Bacterial Flora in the Rumen and Rectum of Yaks

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