Abstract: The major methods were elaborated about genetic diversity of cattle genetic resources, including research on mitochondria DNA, polymorphism of microsatellite DNA, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), high throughout SNP methods and genome-wide selection, and the above methods were applied to molecular genetic diversity of cattle in this article.

Key words: cattle; polymorphism of microsatellite DNA; single nucleotide polymorphism; high throughout SNP methods; genome-wide selection