Abstract: Rabies is an acute fatal encephalitis disease. Rabies virus is a neurotropic virus belonging to (Rhabdoviridae,Lyssavirus). A variety of wild animals and livestock, etc, may occur naturally infected with rabies virus transmission, and can bite, scratch or close contact with the form of infection caused by rabies in humans. Worldwide each year, unfortunately, there are about 60000 people died of rabies, and most of these incidents took place in Asia and Africa. Rabies is a natural epidemic pathogenic zoonotic infectious disease, at present there is no effective treatment once the disease, the mortality rate close to 100%, is particularly important to prevent the occurrence of rabies,rabies is basically through the post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent.

Key words: rabies; rabies virus; prevention