Abstract: African swine fever (ASF) caused by African Swine Fever virus is characterised by acute, high fever, the height contacts infective disease.ASF is dangerous because of its highly infectious nature, variety of means of spreading, high mortality rate ,almost 100% and the lack of specific treatment or vaccine. African swine fever is very similar to classical swine fever, but there are not the same pathogeny . These diseases can not be distinguished during the diagnosing, in order to further understand this disease, this text surveies etiology、epidemiology、clinical symptom 、differential diagnosis and current situation of our country, which offered the foundation for diagnosing this disease.

Key words: African swine fever virus; etiology; epidemiology; clinical symptom; differential diagnosis