东方欧鳊寄生指环虫种类鉴定及系统发育分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.07.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究额尔齐斯河东方欧鳊寄生指环虫的种类及形态学特征，以及寄生于鲤科鱼类指环虫的系统发育，为指环虫系统发育及其与宿主的协同进化关系提供理论依据。【方法】2021年7月至2022年7月运用形态学和分子生物学方法对寄生于东方欧鳊鳃部的指环虫进行鉴定及系统发育分析。【结果】东方欧鳊寄生的指环虫依据形态学观察和几丁质结构特征鉴定为赞特氏指环虫（Dactylogyrus zandti）和温氏指环虫（Dactylogyrus wunderi），且二者交接器结构具有明显差异。通过扩增2种指环虫的18S-ITS1-5.8S rDNA及28S rDNA序列，采用贝叶斯法（BI）和最大似然法（ML）分别构建系统发育树，赞特氏指环虫与温氏指环虫聚为一支，且与寄生于雅罗鱼亚科鱼类的鳃部指环虫位于同一分支。不同核糖体序列构建的系统发育树基本一致，不同亚科鱼类寄生的指环虫大部分聚在一起，鲤亚科鱼类寄生指环虫位于系统发育树的基部，其中28S rDNA序列构建的系统发育树中寄生于鲤亚科和野鲮亚科的指环虫聚为一支且位于系统发育树的基部。【结论】本研究描述了寄生于东方欧鳊的2种指环虫的形态学特征，补充了指环虫形态学数据。不同核糖体序列的系统发育树表明指环虫属与宿主协同进化中存在宿主转移及宿主内成种现象，本研究支持鲤亚科鱼类作为指环虫属的早期宿主，且指环虫属的系统发育可能受到宿主特异性及地域的影响。

关键词: 东方欧鳊; 指环虫; 鉴定; 系统发育

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to explore the species and morphological characteristics of the Dactylogyrus parasitized in the Abramis brama orientalis in Irtysh River, and the phylogeny of Dactylogyrus parasitized in Cyprinidae, so as to provide theoretical basis for the phylogeny of Dactylogyrus and its co-evolutionary relationship with host.【Method】 From July 2021 to July 2022, morphological and molecular biological methods were used to identify and phylogenetically analyze Dactylogyrus parasitized in the gills of Abramis brama orientalis.【Result】 According to the morphological observation and chitin structure characteristics, the Dactylogyrus parasitized in the Abramis brama orientalis were identified as Dactylogyrus zandti and Dactylogyrus wunderi, and the structure of their copulatory organ was significantly different.By amplifying the 18S-ITS1-5.8S rDNA and 28S rDNA sequences of two species of Dactylogyrus, and constructing the phylogenetic tree by using Bayesian method (BI) and maximum likelihood method (ML), respectively, the Dactylogyrus zandti and Dactylogyrus wunderi were clustered into one branch, and were located in the same branch as the branchial Dactylogyrus parasitized in the subfamily of Leuciscinae.The phylogenetic trees constructed by different ribosomal sequences were basically the same.Most of the Dactylogyrus parasitized in different subfamily fishes were clustered together, and the Dactylogyrus parasitized in Cyprininae fishes were located at the base of the phylogenetic tree.In the phylogenetic tree constructed by 28S rDNA sequence, the Dactylogyrus parasitized in Cyprininae and Labeoninae fishes were clustered into one branch and located at the base of the phylogenetic tree.【Conclusion】 This experiment described the morphological characteristics of two species of Dactylogyrus parasitized in the Abramis brama orientalis, and supplemented the morphological data of Dactylogyrus.The phylogenetic trees with different ribosomal sequences indicated that there were host transfer and intra-host speciation phenomena in the co-evolution between the Dactylogyrus and its hosts.This study supported Cyprininae fishes as the early hosts of Dactylogyrus, and the phylogeny of Dactylogyrus might be influenced by host specificity and geographical location.

Key words: Abramis brama orientalis; Dactylogyrus; identification; phylogeny

中图分类号:

S852.71

魏念文, 刘彦君, 石彩霞, 刘豆豆, 冯龙基, 张丽, 王瑾璞, 岳城, 郝翠兰. 东方欧鳊寄生指环虫种类鉴定及系统发育分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(7): 2876-2887.

WEI Nianwen, LIU Yanjun, SHI Caixia, LIU Doudou, FENG Longji, ZHANG Li, WANG Jinpu, YUE Cheng, HAO Cuilan. Species Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Parasitic Dactylogyrus of Abramis brama orientalis[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(7): 2876-2887.

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