动物卵泡液外泌体分离方法及主要生殖功能研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.04.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 外泌体(exosome)是一种广泛存在于各种体液环境和部分组织中的纳米级、均一性膜性囊泡,主要由蛋白质、脂质、mRNA、miRNA和lncRNA等多种生物成分构成。近年来,研究学者已从不同动物的卵泡液中分离出外泌体,并证实卵泡液外泌体参与卵泡颗粒细胞的增殖、卵子的形成及发育、动物受精、胚胎发育、以及雄性动物生殖功能等一系列生殖过程,为进一步研究卵泡液外泌体对哺乳动物生殖功能的调控提供新思路。作者重点阐述了卵泡液外泌体分离鉴定的方法、主要成分以及调控哺乳动物生殖功能的分子机制的最新进展,为全面了解外泌体结构功能、生发凋亡和作用机制提供参考,为利用外泌体探索动物生殖理论和提高动物繁殖技术并将其应用于生产实际提供相关基础信息。

关键词: 外泌体; 分离鉴定; 卵泡液

Abstract: Exosomes are nanoscale and homogeneous membranous vesicles that widely exist in various body fluid environments and some tissues,which are mainly composed of various biological components such as proteins,lipids,mRNA,miRNA and lncRNA.In recent years,researchers have isolated exosomes from the follicular fluid of different animals.In addition,it has been scientifically confirmed that follicular fluid exosomes are involved in a series of reproductive processes,such as proliferation of follicular granulosa cells,egg formation and development,animal fertilization,embryo development,and male animal reproductive function,which provides new ideas for further research on the regulation of follicular fluid exosomes on mammalian reproductive function.Therefore,the author described the latest progress in the isolation and identification of exosomes from follicular fluid,their main components and the molecular mechanisms regulating mammalian reproductive function,which provided a reference for a comprehensive understanding of the structure and function of exosomes,germinal apoptosis and mechanism of action.At the same time,it provided relevant basic information for exploring animal reproductive theory and improving animal reproductive technology using exosomes and applying it to practical production.

Key words: exosomes; isolation and identification; follicular fluid

中图分类号:

S857.2⁺1

李志杰, 赵莹, 马鑫, 王萌, 余四九, 王立斌, 潘阳阳. 动物卵泡液外泌体分离方法及主要生殖功能研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(4): 1480-1488.

LI Zhijie, ZHAO Ying, MA Xin, WANG Meng, YU Sijiu, WANG Libin, PAN Yangyang. Research Progress on Isolation Methods and Main Reproductive Functions of Exosomes from Animal Follicular Fluid[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(4): 1480-1488.

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