鸭产螺纹蛋遗传力及相关性状遗传参数估计的研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在研究鸭产生螺纹蛋程度的遗传力及其与蛋品质相关性状的遗传相关性。【方法】选择A系母鸭600只，收集产蛋期所产种蛋，并根据螺纹在鸭蛋表面的覆盖面积，将螺纹等级划分为0、1、2、3、4级。观察测定产生螺纹蛋的等级和其他蛋品质相关性状，使用限制性最大似然估计法并结合线性混合模型进行遗传力及相关性状遗传参数估计。【结果】试验期间，600只母鸭中有418只母鸭产蛋，共收集到1 171枚种蛋，其中，0、1、2、3和4级螺纹蛋分别有742、135、161、93和40枚，分别占总数的63%、12%、14%、8%和3%；产生0、1、2、3和4级螺纹蛋母鸭分别为228、55、69、46和20只；螺纹蛋等级、平均蛋重、平均蛋型指数和开产体重的遗传力分别为0.30、0.29、0.52和0.72，属于较高遗传力，产蛋总数的遗传力为0.15，为中等遗传力。螺纹蛋等级与产蛋总数具有较高的遗传正相关（0.34）和较低的表型正相关（0.12）。【结论】螺纹蛋等级、平均蛋重、平均蛋型指数和开产体重均具有较高的遗传力，对某些产生螺纹蛋等级较高的母鸭进行选择淘汰，可以降低鸭产生螺纹蛋的比例。本研究对鸭产生螺纹蛋的等级进行划分，可以精确的区分螺纹蛋之间的差别，为后续的相关研究提供分类标准，为产蛋性能的遗传改良提供依据和参考。

关键词: 鸭; 螺纹蛋; 螺纹蛋等级划分; 遗传参数

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of the experiment was to study the heritability of the degree of striped eggs produced by ducks and the genetic correlation with other traits related to egg quality.【Method】 600 female ducks of the A line were selected and the eggs produced were collected.The degree of striped eggs was divided into 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 grades according to the coverage area of the striped on the surface of the duck egg.The grade of striped eggs and other egg quality-related traits were observed and determined, the restricted maximum likelihood estimation method and linear mixed model were used to estimate heritability and genetic parameters of related traits.【Result】 During the experiment, 418 female ducks lay eggs among 600 female ducks and 1 171 breeding eggs were collected.Among them, there were 742, 135, 161, 93, and 40 striped eggs at grades 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, which account for 63%, 12%, 14%, 8% and 3% of the total.The number of laying ducks which produced grades 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 228, 55, 69, 46 and 20, respectively.The heritability of striped egg grade, average egg weight, average egg type index, and birth weight were 0.30, 0.29, 0.52, and 0.72, respectively, which belonged to high heritability.The heritability of the total number of eggs was 0.15, which was medium heritability.The striped egg grade had a higher genetic positive correlation (0.34) and a lower phenotypic positive correlation (0.12) with the total number of eggs.【Conclusion】 The striped egg grade, average egg weight, average egg type index and birth weight all had high heritability.The selection and elimination of some female ducks that produced higher grades of striped eggs could reduce the proportion of striped eggs produced by ducks.In this study, the grades of striped duck eggs were divided for the first time, which could accurately distinguish the differences between striped eggs, provided classification standards for subsequent related studies, and provided a basis and reference for genetic improvement of egg production performance.

Key words: duck; striped eggs; striped egg grading; genetic parameters

中图分类号:

S834

桑强强, 孙云霄, 刘迎, 侯卓成. 鸭产螺纹蛋遗传力及相关性状遗传参数估计的研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(3): 830-836.

SANG Qiangqiang, SUN Yunxiao, LIU Ying, HOU Zhuocheng. Estimation of Heritability and Genetic Parameters of Related Traits in Striped Duck Eggs[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(3): 830-836.

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