乳酸在奶牛体内的代谢途径及其对奶牛健康影响的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.07.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 乳酸（lactic acid）是奶牛瘤胃内重要的中间代谢产物，合理的调节乳酸代谢特征、充分利用及发挥乳酸的有益功能对奶牛健康生产具有重要意义。文章介绍了乳酸的合成途径及主要产酸菌、乳酸的代谢途径及主要利用菌、乳酸在奶牛瘤胃内的代谢方式及影响其代谢的因素，详细阐述了乳酸产生菌与利用菌对乳酸代谢调节的影响，同时介绍了植物提取物对乳酸代谢调节作用及乳酸代谢调节对奶牛胃肠道菌群、泌乳性能和乳房炎的影响。为进一步了解乳酸对奶牛健康的作用机制及相关植物活性物质在生产实践中的应用提供理论依据，为解决高精料饲粮引起的奶牛酸中毒的预防与治疗提供新思路。

关键词: 乳酸; 乳酸产生菌; 乳酸利用菌; 植物提取物; 奶牛

Abstract: Lactic acid is an important intermediate metabolite in the rumen of dairy cows.Reasonable regulation of lactic acid metabolic characteristics,full utilization and playing the beneficial functions of lactic acid are of great significance for the healthy production of dairy cows.The synthetic pathway of lactic acid,the main acid-producing bacteria,the metabolic pathway of lactic acid,the main utilizing bacteria,the metabolic mode of lactic acid in the rumen of dairy cattle and the factors affecting its metabolism were reviewed in this paper.The effects of lactic acid-producing bacteria and utilizing bacteria on the regulation of lactic acid metabolism were elaborated in detail.At the same time,the effects of plant extracts on the regulation of lactic acid metabolism and the effects of lactic acid metabolism regulation on the gastrointestinal flora,lactation performance and mastitis of dairy cattle were introduced.It provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the action mechanism of lactic acid on the health of dairy cows and the application of related plant active substances in production practice,and provided new ideas for solving the prevention and treatment of acidosis in dairy cows caused by high-precision diet.

Key words: lactic acid; lactic acid producing bacteria; lactic acid utilizing bacteria; plant extracts; dairy cows

中图分类号:

S823

余诗强, 童津津, 熊本海, 蒋林树. 乳酸在奶牛体内的代谢途径及其对奶牛健康影响的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(7): 2439-2447.

YU Shiqiang, TONG Jinjin, XIONG Benhai, JIANG Linshu. Research Progress on Metabolic Pathway of Lactic Acid and Its Effect on the Health of Dairy Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(7): 2439-2447.

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