中药复方板青可溶性粉防治鸡传染性支气管炎的效果研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.10.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究复方板青可溶性粉防治传染性支气管炎病毒感染雏鸡的功效与影响，本试验将鸡随机分为预防组、治疗组、双黄连治疗对照组、麻杏石甘治疗对照组、模型对照组和空白对照组。其中预防组和治疗组分别设高、中、低剂量组。除空白对照组不做处理外，预防组从12日龄起连续3 d通过饮水给药，随后各处理组将0.2 mL/只剂量的传染性支气管炎病毒通过滴鼻使15日龄的雏鸡染毒，染毒后治疗组连续6 d饮水给药。试验期间统计鸡发病数和治愈数，计算其发病率、保护率和治愈率；并检测各组鸡只的免疫器官指数、淋巴细胞增殖能力、血清中细胞因子IL-2、IL-4、TNF-α和IFN-α水平，探究复方板青可溶性粉对IBV感染雏鸡的防治效果。试验结果显示，复方板青可溶性粉预防高剂量组保护率可达66.67%，治疗中剂量组治愈率可达83.33%，另一方面提高了感染雏鸡的免疫器官指数，增强了淋巴细胞增殖能力，在染毒后4和10 d，各给药组的T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞增殖能力显著高于模型对照组（P<0.05）；还可以调节血清中IL-2、IL-4、TNF-α和IFN-α水平，使其维持动态平衡，其中在攻毒后5和11 d，治疗中剂量组的IL-4和IFN-α水平显著高于模型对照组（P<0.05）。综合试验数据，复方板青可溶性粉具有较好的预防和治疗传染性支气管炎的作用，且治疗作用优于预防作用，其中预防高剂量组及治疗中剂量组效果最为显著。

关键词: 复方板青可溶性粉; 鸡传染性支气管炎; 免疫器官指数; 淋巴细胞; 细胞因子

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to study the efficacy and effect of compound Banqing soluble powder in preventing and treating chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus.The chickens were randomly divided into prevention group,treatment group,Shuanghuanglian control group,Maxing Shigan control group,model control group and blank control group.Among them,the prevention group and the treatment group were divided into high,middle and low dose groups respectively.Except for the blank control group,the prevention group was given drugs through drinking water for 3 consecutive days from 12 days old,and then the 15-day-old chicks were exposed to 0.2 mL infectious bronchitis virus by nasal drip,and the treatment group was given drinking water for 6 days.The number of infected and cured chickens were collected during the experiment,the incidence,protection rate and cure rate were calculated,and the index of immune organs,the ability of lymphocyte proliferation and the levels of cytokines IL-2,IL-4,TNF-α and IFN-α in serum were detected to explore the preventive and therapeutic effect of compound Banqing soluble powder on IBV infected chicks.The results of this experiment showed that the protective rate of compound banqing soluble powder against high dose group could reach 66.67%,and the cure rate of the treatment middle dose group was 83.33%.On the other hand,it increased the immune organ index of infected chicks,after exposure 4 and 10 d,the proliferative capacity of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in each administration group was significantly higher than that of the model control group (P<0.05).It could also regulate the levels of IL-2,IL-4,TNF-α and IFN-α in serum to maintain dynamic balance,after the challenge (5 and 11 d),the middle-dose group of IL-4 and IFN-α levels were significantly higher than the model control group (P<0.05).Synthesizing the test data,compound Banqing soluble powder had a good effect on the prevention and treatment of infectious bronchitis,and the therapeutic effect was better than the preventive effect.Among them,the preventive high dose group and the middle dose group were the most effective.

Key words: compound Banqing soluble powder; chicken infectious bronchitis; immune organ index; lymphocytes; cytokines

中图分类号:

S853.31

闫延华, 陈彤, 陈泽文, 薛洋, 杜芳芳, 张红英, 童超, 王学兵. 中药复方板青可溶性粉防治鸡传染性支气管炎的效果研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(10): 3379-3388.

YAN Yanhua, CHEN Tong, CHEN Zewen, XUE Yang, DU Fangfang, ZHANG Hongying, TONG Chao, WANG Xuebing. Study on the Preventive and Therapeutic Effect of Compound Banqing Soluble Powder on Chicken Infectious Bronchitis[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(10): 3379-3388.

参考文献 23

[1]	COOK J K A,JACKWOOD M,JONES R C.The long view:40 years of infectious bronchitis research[J].Avian Pathology,2012,41(3):239-250.
[2]	周国慧.鸡传染性支气管炎诊疗报告[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2000,6:22-23. ZHOU G H.Diagnosis and treatment report of infectious bronchitis in chickens[J].Guizhou Journal of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2000,6:22-23.(in Chinese)
[3]	尤永君.鸡传染性支气管炎病毒疫苗候选毒株的筛选及评价[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015. YOU Y J.Screening and evaluation of vaccine candidates of avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine candidate strains[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2015.(in Chinese)
[4]	郭兵,王海凤,庞春酉,等.中药加味麻杏石甘汤对传染性支气管炎病毒感染雏鸡的保护作用及其机制分析[J].中国动物传染病学报,2010,18(5):17-22. GUO B,WANG H F,PANG C Y,et al.Protective effect of modified Maxing Shigan decoction on chickens with infection and its mechanism virus[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Infectious Diseases,2010,18(5):17-22.(in Chinese)
[5]	BDMAEV V,NOWAKOWSKI M.Protection of epithelial cells against influenza A virus by a plant derived biological response modifier ledretan-96[J].Phytotherapy Research,2000,14(4):245-249.
[6]	MORI K,KIDO T,DAIKUHARA H,et al.Effect of hochu-ekki-to(TJ-41),a Japanese herbal medicine,on the survival of mice infected with influenza virus[J].Antiviral Research,1999,44(2):103-111.
[7]	SIDWELL R W,HUFFMAN J H,MOSCON B J,et al.Influenza virus-inhibitory effects of intraperitoneally and aerosol-administered SP-303,a plant flavonoid[J].Chemotherapy,1994,40(1):42-50.
[8]	沈映君.中药药理学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2002. SHEN Y J.Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine[M].Beijing:People's Health Publishing House,2002.(in Chinese)
[9]	石钺,石任兵,刘斌,等.银翘散抗流感病毒有效部位群化学成分的分离与鉴定[J].中国中药杂志,2003,28(1):43-47. SHI Y,SHI R B,LIU B,et al.Isolation and elucidation of chemical constituents with antiviral action from Yinqiaosan on influenza virus[J].China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,2003,28(1):43-47.(in Chinese)
[10]	黄一帆.中药防治鸡传染病的现状及展望[J].福建畜牧兽医,1999,3:12-13. HUANG Y F.Present situation and prospect of prevention and treatment of chicken infectious diseases with traditional Chinese medicine[J].Fujian Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,1999,3:12-13.(in Chinese)
[11]	潘曌曌,王雪峰,闫丽娟,等.金银花提取物体外抗甲型流感病毒FM1株的研究[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2007,14(6):37-38. PAN Z Z,WANG X F,YAN L J,et al.Inhibitory effect of extracts from flos lonicerae on influenza a virus FM1 strain in vitro[J].Chinese Journal of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine,2007,14(6):37-38.(in Chinese)
[12]	周雪梦,陆春妮,亓文宝,等.清开灵和双黄连口服液体内抗禽流感病毒作用[J].中草药,2011,42(7):1351-1356. ZHOU X M,LU C N,QI W B,et al.In vivo anti-avian influenza virus activity of Qingkailing and Shuanghuanglian orals[J].Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs,2011,42(7):1351-1356.(in Chinese)
[13]	李新华,徐步."感喘康"防治人工诱发鸡呼吸系统疾病的疗效试验[J].中国兽药杂志,2001,35(6):64-66. LI X H,XU B.Experimental study on the curative effect of implanting "Qianchuankang" on artificially induced respiratory diseases in chickens[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Drug,2001,35(6):64-66.(in Chinese)
[14]	赵增成,白元良,魏祥法,等."强力咳喘灵"对人工感染鸡传染性支气管炎的疗效试验[J].山东家禽,2002,8:14-15. ZHAO Z C,BAI Y L,WEI X F,et al.Curative effect test of "Qiangli kechuanling"against chicken infectious bronchitis infected artificially[J].Shandong Poultry,2002,8:14-15.(in Chinese)
[15]	薛掌林,张述斌,康文彪,等.红茂草注射液对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒抑制效果的观察[J].甘肃畜牧兽医,2004,1:16-17. XUE Z L,ZHANG S B,KANG W B,et al.Observation on the inhibitory effect of Hongmaocao injection on infectious bronchitis virus[J].Gansu Animal and Veterinary Sciences,2004,1:16-17.(in Chinese)
[16]	刘振湘.中药防治鸡传染性支气管炎的疗效观察[J].中国兽医杂志.2004,40(10):34-35. LIU Z X.Observation on the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine on chicken infectious bronchitis[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine,2004,40(10):34-35.(in Chinese)
[17]	王学兵.黄芪、板蓝根等中药提取物及组方体内免疫调节和体外抗病毒作用研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2007. WANG X B.Immunomodulatory activity in vivo and antiviral effect in vitro of traditional Chinese herbal medicine extracts and compounds:Radix astragali,Radix isatidi etc.[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2007.(in Chinese)
[18]	李玲,董同义,李修禄,等.大青叶类药材及其制剂质量控制的研究[J].药学学报,1994,29(2):128-131. LI L,DONG T Y,LI X L,et al.Study on the quality control of Daqingyes (Folium strobilanthes),Banlangen (Radix strobilanthes) and their preparations[J].Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica,1994,29(2):128-131.(in Chinese)
[19]	胡元亮,孔祥峰,孔祥瑞,等.10种中药成分对CEF的增殖和抵抗NDV感染的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2004,35(3):301-305. HU Y L,KONG X F,KONG X R,et al.Effects of ten Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients on proliferation and resisting NDV infection of CEF[J].Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences,2004,35(3):301-305.(in Chinese)
[20]	张靖飞,李小丽,李蜜蜡,等.复方黄芪多糖防治禽流感临床试验[J].动物医学进展,2003,24(3):124-125. ZHANG J F,LI X L,LI M L,et al.Clinical trial of compound Astragalus polysaccharide in prevention and treatment of avian influenza[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2003,24(3):124-125.(in Chinese)
[21]	赵红,张淑杰,马立人,等.大青叶水煎剂调节小鼠免疫细胞分泌IL-2、TNF-α的体外研究[J].陕西中医,2003,23(8):757-758. ZHAO H,ZHANG S J,MA L R,et al.In vitro study on the regulation of IL-2 and TNF-α secretion by immune cells of mice by Daqingye decoction[J].Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2003,23(8):757-758.(in Chinese)
[22]	张淑杰,赵红,顾定伟,等.大青叶水煎剂对小鼠细胞免疫功能的体外研究[J].中国公共卫生,2003,19(9):109. ZHANG S J,ZHAO H,GU D W,et al.In vitro study on the cellular immune function of Daqingye decoction in mice[J].China Public Health,2003,19(9):109.(in Chinese)
[23]	张道广,JIMMY K,潘胜利.黄芩多糖抗猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒作用的研究[J].时珍国医国药,2005,16(9):942-943. ZHANG D J,JIMMY K,PAN S L.Antiviral effect of polysaccharide from Scutellaria baicalensis georgi on porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus[J].Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research,2005,16(9):942-943.(in Chinese)