脂多糖免疫应激研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.043

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，脂多糖(LPS)引发的免疫应激已经成为畜牧业生产中潜在的威胁。LPS作为一种常见的细菌内毒素，具有多种免疫活性，在免疫调节和细胞信号转导中扮演重要角色。LPS能够快速激活动物的免疫系统，引发多种炎症因子如肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)等的分泌。适度的LPS刺激可以提高动物的抗病能力，帮助其有效对抗感染和外界压力。然而，过量或长期的LPS暴露则可能导致动物的免疫系统过度激活，引起炎症性疾病的发生，甚至影响动物生产性能和健康状态。目前，LPS已被广泛应用于建立与免疫应激相关的动物模型,深入理解LPS对于不同动物免疫应激的影响对畜牧业的生产至关重要，也是兽医领域开发兽药的关键。笔者对LPS的结构和功能、不同动物经历LPS免疫应激的共性和差异、缓解LPS免疫应激的措施进行了综述，并对LPS免疫应激模型的建立方法及其在疾病中的应用进行了总结，对今后研究动物LPS免疫应激提出了建议和展望，以期为LPS的研究和畜牧业生产实践提供参考依据。

关键词: 脂多糖(LPS); 免疫应激; 免疫调节; 动物模型

Abstract: In recent years,immune stress caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has become a potential threat in animal husbandry production.As a common bacterial endotoxin,LPS exhibits multiple immune activities and plays a important role in immune regulation and cell signal transduction.LPS can quickly activate the immune system of animals and triggering the secretion of various inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β).Moderate LPS stimulation can improve the animal’s disease resistance and help it effectively fight infection and external stress.However,excessive or long-term exposure to LPS may lead to excesstive activation of the animal’s immune system,cause inflammatory diseases,and even affect its production performance and health status.At present,LPS has been widely used to establish animal models related to immune stress.A deep understanding of the impact of LPS on immune stress in different animals is crucial to animal husbandry production, and is also the key to the development of veterinary drugs in the veterinary field.The author reviews the structure and function of LPS,the commonality and difference in immune stress induced by LPS in different animals,and the measures to alleviate immune stress induced by LPS.It also summarizes the establishment methods of LPS immune stress models and their applications in diseases,and provides suggestions and prospects for future research on animal immune stress induced by LPS,aiming to provide a reference for the research of LPS and the practice of animal husbandry production.

Key words: lipopolysaccharide (LPS); immune stress; immune regulation; animal model

中图分类号:

S852.3

陆瑞, 盛辉, 郭妍岩, 张羽欣, 姚大为, 郭晓飞, 阮维斌, 张效生. 脂多糖免疫应激研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 946-958.

LU Rui, SHENG Hui, GUO Yanyan, ZHANG Yuxin, YAO Dawei, GUO Xiaofei, RUAN Weibin, ZHANG Xiaosheng. Research Progress on Immune Stress of LPS[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 946-958.

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