间充质干细胞在畜牧业中应用研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干细胞是一类拥有强大增殖再生潜能的多能细胞,能够调节体内各项机能且免疫原性较低,在畜牧领域中有着巨大的应用潜力。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)是一种多能细胞,拥有干细胞的所有共性,且具有来源广泛,易于分离、道德和法律约束性低等特点,从基础研究逐步推进到临床应用阶段。MSCs通过迁移和旁分泌机制在体内发挥调控作用,如抵抗病原入侵,稳定免疫反应,减少细胞应激、促进组织再生等。然而,不同组织来源的MSCs生物学特性存在差异,其表面标记物是鉴别的重要依据。现阶段,MSCs的相关研究从人和宠物领域逐渐向畜牧业拓展,在牛、马等大动物体内也展现出强大的应用潜力。凭借其抗炎修复能力,可有效保护动物机体,促进疾病预后,提升动物的经济价值。但由于相关研究还不够深入,许多问题未能得到解决,使得大规模应用受到限制。为进一步提高MSCs的应用潜力,加快由实验室向实际应用的转化,细胞培养、基因编辑以及生物材料等领域的研究也在不断拓展。为此,作者通过系统梳理相关文献,介绍了MSCs来源、特性及作用机制,总结了其在畜牧领域的研究进展和应用潜力,以期为MSCs在畜牧业中的应用提供新思路。

关键词: 间充质干细胞; 免疫调节; 组织修复; 感染; 炎症

Abstract: Stem cells are a kind of pluripotent cells with strong proliferation and regeneration potential,which can regulate various functions in the body with low immunogenicity,and have great application potential in the field of animal husbandry.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of pluripotent cells,possessing all the commonalities of stem cells,with a wide range of sources,easy separation,low moral and legal constraints,and gradually advancing from basic research to clinical application stage.Through migration and paracrine mechanisms,MSCs play a regulatory role in vivo,such as resisting pathogen invasion,stabilizing immune response,reducing cell stress,and promoting tissue regeneration.However,the biological characteristics of MSCs from different tissue sources are different,and their surface markers are an important basis for identification.At present,the related research of MSCs has gradually expanded from the field of human and pet to animal husbandry,and has also shown strong application potential in large animals such as cattle and horses.With its anti-inflammatory repair ability,it can effectively protect the animal body,promote the prognosis of diseases,and enhance the economic value of animals.But because the relevant research is not deep enough,many problems can not be solved,which makes the large-scale application is limited.In order to further enhance the application potential of MSCs and accelerate the transformation from laboratory to practical application,research in the fields of cell culture,gene editing and biomaterials is also constantly expanding.Therefore,the author systematically reviewed relevant literature,introduced the source,characteristics and mechanism of MSCs,and summarized the research progress and application potential of MSCs in animal husbandry,in order to provide new ideas for the application of MSCS in animal husbandry.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells; immune regulation; tissue repair; infection; inflammation

中图分类号:

S813

季新澎, 金诗宇, 滕海龙, 周禹泽, 李香子, 高旭, 李强. 间充质干细胞在畜牧业中应用研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(3): 955-966.

JI Xinpeng, JIN Shiyu, TENG Hailong, ZHOU Yuze, LI Xiangzi, GAO Xu, LI Qiang. Research Progress on the Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Animal Husbandry[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(3): 955-966.

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