饲粮中添加表皮生长因子对蛋鸡卵巢形态学、激素含量及凋亡因子表达的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor，EGF)对蛋鸡卵巢形态学、激素含量及凋亡因子表达的影响，为探明EGF促进蛋鸡卵巢的生长发育提供一定的理论依据。【方法】选用240只260日龄体重相近、健康的白来航高产蛋鸡，随机分为4个处理组，每组5个重复，每个重复12只鸡。对照组(Con)蛋鸡饲喂不添加EGF的基础饲粮，3个试验组(LG、MG、HG)蛋鸡分别在基础饲粮中添加200、400及800 mg/kg EGF。预试期7 d，正试期42 d。每个重复取2只蛋鸡，采集血液和组织样品，测量卵巢、输卵管、卵泡的重量，统计卵泡分级的数量，测定血清中促黄体激素(LH)、促卵泡素(FSH)、雌二醇(E₂)和孕酮(P₄)含量，并利用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting测定卵巢中凋亡因子Bcl-2和Caspase-3的表达量。【结果】与Con组相比，①饲粮中添加不同剂量EGF对蛋鸡卵巢重、卵巢指数和白卵泡数量均有显著影响(P＜0.05)，但各组卵巢在形态上无明显变化。②LG、MG、HG组蛋鸡血清中LH、FSH和E₂水平均显著升高(P＜0.05)，LG、MG组蛋鸡血清中P₄水平显著升高(P＜0.05)。③LG、MG组蛋鸡卵巢中Bcl-2基因相对表达量均显著升高(P＜0.05)，LG、MG、HG组蛋鸡卵巢中Bcl-2蛋白相对表达量均显著升高(P＜0.05)；LG、MG组蛋鸡卵巢组织中Caspase-3基因相对表达量均显著降低(P＜0.05)，MG、HG组蛋鸡卵巢组织中Caspase-3蛋白相对表达量均显著降低(P＜0.05)。【结论】在本试验条件下，饲粮中添加不同剂量EGF在一定程度上可促进卵巢生殖激素分泌和卵泡发育，有效抑制细胞凋亡进而改善蛋鸡生产性能。EGF在白来航高产蛋鸡饲粮中的推荐添加量为400 mg/kg。

关键词: 表皮生长因子; 蛋鸡; 生殖激素; 卵巢; 凋亡

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of adding different doses of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to the diet on the morphology,hormone levels,and the expression of apoptotic factors of ovaries in laying hens,so as to provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the role of EGF in promoting the growth and development of ovaries in laying hens.【Method】 Two hundred and forty healthy,high-producing White Leghorn laying hens aged 260 days with similar body weights were selected and randomly divided into four treatment groups,with five replicates per group and twelve hens per replicate.The laying hens in control group (Con) were fed a basal diet without EGF supplementation,while laying hens in three experimental groups (LG,MG and HG) were fed basal diets supplemented with 200,400 and 800 mg/kg EGF,respectively.The advanced experiment period lasted for 7 days,and the formal experimental period lasted for 42 days.From each replicate,two laying hens were selected for blood collection and sample harvesting.The weights of ovaries,oviducts and follicles were measured,as well as the number of follicle grading was counted.The concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),estradiol (E₂) and progesterone (P₄) in serum were assayed.The expression of apoptotic factors Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in ovaries were evaluated using Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting,respectively.【Result】 Compared with Con group，①The addition of different doses of EGF to the diet had significant effects on ovarian weight,ovarian index and the number of white follicles in laying hens (P＜0.05).However,there were no significant morphological changes observed in ovaries among the different groups.②The levels of LH,FSH and E₂ in serum of laying hens in LG,MG and HG groups were significantly increased (P＜0.05),the level of P₄ in serum of laying hens in LG and MG groups were also significantly increased (P＜0.05).③The relative expression of Bcl-2 gene in ovaries of laying hens in LG and MG groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05),the relative expression of Bcl-2 protein in ovaries of laying hens in LG,MG and HG groups was also significantly increased (P＜0.05).Conversely,the relative expression of Caspase-3 gene in ovaries of laying hens in LG and MG groups was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),the relative expression of Caspase-3 protein in ovaries of laying hens in MG and HG groups was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this experiment,the addition of different doses of EGF to the diet promoted the secretion of ovarian reproductive hormones and follicular development to a certain extent,effectively inhibited cell apoptosis and thereby improved the production performance of laying hens.The recommended addition amount of EGF in diet for high-producing White Leghorn laying hens was 400 mg/kg.

Key words: epidermal growth factor; laying hens; reproductive hormones; ovary; apoptosis

中图分类号:

S816.73

兰忠岐, 李鹏, 沈爽, 蒋金凤, 秦鸿灯, 向钰婷, 王家乡. 饲粮中添加表皮生长因子对蛋鸡卵巢形态学、激素含量及凋亡因子表达的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(5): 2035-2044.

LAN Zhongqi, LI Peng, SHEN Shuang, JIANG Jinfeng, QIN Hongdeng, XIANG Yuting, WANG Jiaxiang. Effects of Dietary Epidermal Growth Factor Supplementation on Morphology, Hormone Content and Expression of Apoptosis Factors of Ovaries in Laying Hens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(5): 2035-2044.

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