复方有机酸对肉鸡坏死性肠炎的防治作用研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.04.042

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究复方有机酸对产气荚膜梭菌感染肉鸡生长性能、肠道组织形态、盲肠微生物菌群的影响。【方法】选取60只1日龄三黄鸡，随机分为6个处理组，每组10只，分别为空白对照组(BC)、产气荚膜梭菌模型组(P)、阳性药物(林可霉素)治疗组(PT)以及10、20、40 mg/kg复方有机酸治疗组(分别为L、M、H)。肉鸡1日龄时，除BC组外，其他各组肉鸡连续7 d灌胃1.5×10⁸ CFU产气荚膜梭菌；同时，PT组肉鸡连续7 d灌胃1 mL林可霉素，L、M、H组肉鸡连续7 d灌胃1 mL相应浓度复方有机酸；BC组肉鸡灌胃1 mL生理盐水，试验期为13 d。试验期间每天记录肉鸡体重变化以及剩余饲料量，计算料重比。第13天时，采集各组肉鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠，测定肠道组织形态，并收集盲肠内容物进行盲肠微生物16S rRNA测序分析。【结果】①与BC组相比，P组肉鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量下降，料重比升高(P＞0.05)。与P组相比，PT、L、M和H组肉鸡平均日增重升高、饲料转化率降低(P＞0.05)，随着复方有机酸剂量升高，L、M和H组肉鸡平均日增重呈现上升趋势。②与BC组相比，P组肉鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度和绒隐比(V/C)均显著降低(P＜0.05)。与P组相比，PT、L、M、H组肉鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度均显著升高(P＜0.05)，十二指肠、空肠的绒隐比均显著升高(P＜0.05)，其中H组肉鸡十二指肠绒毛高度和绒隐比最高，显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05)。③测序分析结果显示，6组肉鸡盲肠内容物样本中共获得76个可操作分类单元(OTU)，其中共有的核心OTU共62个，BC、PT、L、M和H组特有的OTU分别为5、2、1、1和5个。P组肉鸡盲肠微生物菌群多样性较低，H组肉鸡盲肠微生物菌群多样性和丰度最高，其物种丰度也最高。④与BC组相比，P组肉鸡盲肠微生物拟杆菌门与厚壁菌门比值升高(P＞0.05)；与P组相比，H组肉鸡盲肠微生物拟杆菌门与厚壁菌门比值升高(P＞0.05)。【结论】复方有机酸能够阻止产气荚膜梭菌感染引起的坏死性肠炎的肠道病变发展，本试验条件下，40 mg/kg复合有机酸治疗效果最佳。

关键词: 坏死性肠炎; 复方有机酸; 产气荚膜梭菌

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment was to explore the effects of compound organic acids on growth performance,intestinal morphology and cecal microflora of broilers infected with Clostridium perfringens.【Method】 Sixty one-day-old Sanhuang chickens were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups with 10 chickens in each group,which were blank control group (BC), Clostridium perfringens model group (P),positive drug (lincomycin) treatment group (PT) and 10,20 and 40 mg/kg compound organic acid treatment groups (L,M and H),respectively.At 1 day of age,except BC group,broilers in other groups were gavage 1.5×10⁸ CFU Clostridium perfringens for 7 d.Simultaneously,broilers in PT group was gavage with 1 mL lincomycin for 7 d，and broilers in L,M and H groups were intragastrically given 1 mL of compound organic acids with corresponding concentration for 7 d.Broilers in BC group were given 1 mL normal saline intragastrically,and the experiment lasted for 13 d.The change of body weight and remaining feed amount of broilers were recorded every day during the experiment,and feed to gain ratio was calculated.On the 13th day,duodenum,jejunum and ileum of broilers in each group were collected,intestinal tissue morphology was determined,and cecal contents were collected for cecal microbial 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.【Result】 ①Compared with BC group,the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broilers in P group were decreased,and the feed to gain ratio was increased (P＞0.05).Compared with P group,the average daily gain of broilers in PT,L,M and H groups was increased and the feed to gain ratio was decreased (P＞0.05).With the increase of compound organic acid dose,the average daily gain of broilers in L,M and H groups showed an increasing trend. ②Compared with BC group,villus height and V/C value of duodenum,jejunum and ileum of broilers in P group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Compared with P group,the villus height of duodenum,jejunum and ileum of broilers in PT,L,M and H groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the V/C value of duodenum and jejunum was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The villus height and V/C value of duodenum of broilers in H group were the highest,and significantly higher than those in other groups (P＜0.05).③The results of sequencing analysis showed that 76 OTUs were obtained from cecal contents samples of the 6 groups,including 62 common core OTUs,and the unique OTUs of BC,PT,L,M and H groups were 5,2,1,1 and 5,respectively.The diversity of cecal microflora of broilers in P group was lower,and the diversity and demeanor of cecal microflora of broilers in H group were the highest,and the species abundance was also the highest.④ Compared with BC group,the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes of cecal microorganisms in P group was increased (P＞0.05).Compared with P group,the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes of cecal microorganisms in H group was increased (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】 Compound organic acids could prevent the development of intestinal lesions in necrotic enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens infection.Under the conditions of this experiment,40 mg/kg compound organic acids had the best therapeutic effect.

Key words: necrotic enteritis; compound organic acid; Clostridium perfringens

中图分类号:

S831.7

桂焱垚, 刘力源, 张颢曦, 史玉俊, 黄杰荣, 刘耕松, 欧长波. 复方有机酸对肉鸡坏死性肠炎的防治作用研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(4): 1905-1913.

GUI Yanyao, LIU Liyuan, ZHANG Haoxi, SHI Yujun, HUANG Jierong, LIU Gengsong, OU Changbo. Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Necrotic Enteritis in Poultry with Compound Organic Acids[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(4): 1905-1913.

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