补充胍基乙酸和α-硫辛酸对绵羊瘤胃微生物和代谢物的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.06.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究饲粮中添加胍基乙酸(guanidine acetic acid,GAA)和α-硫辛酸(alpha-lipoic acid,LA)对绵羊瘤胃微生物和代谢物的影响。【方法】选取24只体重相近、体质良好的健康杜湖杂交公羊,随机分为4组,分别为对照组(CTL,饲喂基础饲粮)、GAA组(基础饲粮中添加1 500 mg/kg GAA)、LA组(基础饲粮中添加600 mg/kg LA)和MIX组(基础饲粮中添加1 500 mg/kg GAA和600 mg/kg LA),正试期60 d。试验结束后采集瘤胃液,利用16S rRNA基因测序和非靶向代谢组学检测瘤胃菌群及其代谢物。【结果】在绵羊瘤胃液菌群门水平上,与对照组相比,GAA和MIX组帕特斯菌门(Patescibacteria)的丰度显著上调(P＜0.05);LA和MIX组疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)的丰度显著下调(P＜0.05)。在绵羊瘤胃液菌群属水平上,与对照组相比,LA组奎因氏菌属(Quinella)的丰度显著降低(P＜0.05);各试验组糖单胞菌属(Candidatus_Saccharimonas)的丰度显著升高(P＜0.05),图氏杆菌属(Turicibacter)的丰度显著降低(P＜0.05);GAA组隆氏菌科UCG-001属(Veillonellaceae_UCG-001)的丰度显著降低(P＜0.05);MIX组瘤胃艾氏梭菌属(Eubacterium_Ruminantium_group)的丰度显著降低(P＜0.05)。绵羊瘤胃菌群代谢途径分析显示,GAA组的差异代谢物11-羟基过氧十八碳二烯酸、8-甲氧基犬尿氨酸等主要参与色氨酸代谢通路;LA组的差异代谢物1-磷酸鞘氨醇、二氢神经酰胺等主要参与鞘脂信号通路和鞘脂类代谢通路;MIX组的差异代谢物8-甲氧基犬尿氨酸、单磷酸鸟苷、3-甲基吲哚等主要参与色氨酸代谢通路。【结论】饲粮中单独添加GAA或LA以及组合添加均能够调节绵羊瘤胃微生物群落组成和代谢功能。该结果有助于揭示GAA和LA作为添加剂的深层次原理。

关键词: 绵羊; 胍基乙酸(GAA); α-硫辛酸(LA); 瘤胃微生物; 代谢物

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of adding guanidine acetic acid (GAA) and alpha-lipoic acid (LA) to diets on rumen microbiota and metabolites in sheep.【Method】 Twenty-four healthy Dorper×Hu hybrid male sheep with similar body weight and good physical condition were randomly divided into four groups:Control group (CTL,fed with basic diet),GAA group (fed with basic diet supplemented with 1 500 mg/kg GAA),LA group (fed with basic diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg LA),and MIX group (fed with basic diet supplemented with 1 500 mg/kg GAA and 600 mg/kg LA).The experiment lasted for 60 days,and rumen fluid samples were collected after the experiment for 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis of rumen microbiota and metabolites.【Result】 At the phylum level of the rumen microbial community in sheep,compared with control group,the abundance of Patescibacteria in GAA and MIX groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota in LA and MIX groups was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).At the genus level of the rumen microbial community in sheep,the abundance of Quinella in LA group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05);The abundance of Candidatus_Saccharimonas in all groups was significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the abundance of Turicibacter was significantly decreased (P＜0.05);The abundance of Veillonellaceae_UCG-001 in GAA group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05);The abundance of Eubacterium_Ruminantium_group in MIX group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Metabolic pathway analysis of the rumen microbial community in sheep showed that the differential metabolites in GAA group,such as 11-hydroxyperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 8-methoxyeicosatetraenoic acid,primarily participated in the tryptophan metabolism pathway,The differential metabolites in LA group,such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and dihydrosphingosine,mainly participated in the sphingolipid signaling pathway and sphingolipid metabolism pathway.Meanwhile,the differential metabolites in MIX group,such as 8-methoxyeicosatetraenoic acid,guanosine monophosphate,and 3-methylindole,primarily participated in the tryptophan metabolism pathway.【Conclusion】 The addition of GAA or LA alone or in combination in the feed could regulate the composition and metabolic functions of the rumen microbial community in sheep. The results were helpful to reveal the underlying principles of GAA and LA as additives.

Key words: sheep; guanidine acetic acid (GAA); alpha-lipoic acid (LA); rumen microbiota; metabolites

中图分类号:

S816.71

姜露, 梁本聪, 徐泽君, 杨改青, 杨斯涵, 陈其新, 王献伟, 胡业勇, 王林枫, 高腾云. 补充胍基乙酸和α-硫辛酸对绵羊瘤胃微生物和代谢物的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(6): 2375-2387.

JIANG Lu, LIANG Bencong, XU Zejun, YANG Gaiqing, YANG Sihan, CHEN Qixin, WANG Xianwei, HU Yeyong, WANG Linfeng, GAO Tengyun. Effects of Guanidine Acetic Acid and Alpha-lipoic Acid Supplementation on Rumen Microbita and Metabolites in Sheep[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(6): 2375-2387.

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