白酒糟与脐橙渣混合青贮品质与微生物多样性的研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.04.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】通过研究白酒糟与脐橙渣混合青贮的品质和微生物多样性,探究白酒糟和脐橙渣混合青贮的最适比例。【方法】试验所用白酒糟粗蛋白质含量为15.05%,脐橙渣可溶性碳水化合物含量为24.29%。设置白酒糟与脐橙渣7个比例(10∶0、9∶1、7∶3、5∶5、3∶7、1∶9、0∶10)混贮试验组,每组6个重复,每个重复3 kg,青贮60 d后测定营养成分、发酵品质及微生物多样性等指标。【结果】白酒糟与脐橙渣混合青贮的发酵品质测定结果显示,各组pH均低于4.2。其中,7∶3和5∶5组的pH最低,且显著低于10∶0和0∶10组(P＜0.05),且其乳酸含量最高,也显著高于这两组(P＜0.05);9∶1和7∶3组的丙酸含量显著低于0∶10组(P＜0.05),且未检测到丁酸;从混合青贮比例达到7∶3开始,各组青贮氨态氮含量显著低于10∶0组(P＜0.05)。微生物丰度测定结果显示,7∶3和5∶5组的乳植物杆菌属、伴生乳杆菌属、乳杆菌属、黏液乳杆菌属、促生乳杆菌属等5种乳杆菌属总含量显著高于10∶0组(P＜0.05),7∶3组的芽孢杆菌属丰度显著高于0∶10组(P＜0.05),9∶1、7∶3、5∶5和3∶7组假单胞菌属丰度显著低于0∶10组(P＜0.05)。【结论】白酒糟∶脐橙渣为7∶3混合青贮时,发酵品质和青贮微生物多样性均较优,为最适混贮比例。

关键词: 白酒糟; 脐橙渣; 青贮品质; 微生物多样性

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was to explore the optimal ratio of the mixed silage between distillers grains and navel orange residue by studying the quality and microbial diversity of the mixed silage.【Method】 The crude protein content of distillers grains used in the experiment was 15.05%,and the soluble carbohydrate content of navel orange residue was 24.29% in this study.Seven groups were set up according to a mixed silage proportions (10∶0,9∶1,7∶3,5∶5,3∶7,1∶9,0∶10) of distillers grains and navel orange residue,with 6 repetitions in each group,3 kg for each repetition.The nutritional composition,fermentation quality,and microbial diversity of the silage were measured after 60 days of silage.【Result】 The fermentation quality of the mixed silage of distillers grains and navel orange residue showed that the pH of each group was lower than 4.2.Among them,the pH of the 7∶3 and 5∶5 groups were the lowest and significantly lower than those of the 10∶0 and 0∶10 groups (P＜0.05),and the lactic acid content of the 7∶3 and 5∶5 groups were the highest and also significantly higher than these two groups (P＜0.05).The propionic acid content of the 9∶1 and 7∶3 groups were significantly lower than that of the 0∶10 group (P＜0.05),and the butyric acid of which were not detected.Starting from the ratio of mixed silage reaching 7∶3,the ammonia nitrogen content of silage in each group were significantly lower than that of the 10∶0 group (P＜0.05).The measurement results of microbial abundance showed that the total content of five Lactobacillus,including Lactiplantibacillus,Companilactobacillus,Lactobacillus,Limosilactobacillus,Levilactobacillus,in the 7∶3 and 5∶5 groups were significantly higher than that in the 10∶0 group (P＜0.05).The Bacillus abundance of the 7∶3 group was significantly higher than that of the 0∶10 group (P＜0.05).The Pseudomonas abundance of the 9∶1,7∶3,5∶5 and 3∶7 groups were significantly lower than that of the 0∶10 group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 While the mixed silage proportion for silage of distillers grains and navel orange residue was 7∶3,the fermentation quality and microbial diversity of the silage were better,which was the most appropriate proportion for mixed silage.

Key words: distillers grains; navel orange residue; silage quality; microbial diversity

中图分类号:

S816.6

张强, 雷小文, 连海, 施小生, 黄志文, 钟云平. 白酒糟与脐橙渣混合青贮品质与微生物多样性的研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(4): 1456-1465.

ZHANG Qiang, LEI Xiaowen, LIAN Hai, SHI Xiaosheng, HUANG Zhiwen, ZHONG Yunping. Study on the Quality and Microbial Diversity of Mixed Silage Between Distillers Grains and Navel Orange Residue[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(4): 1456-1465.

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