SIRT2调控自噬的作用机制研究现状

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.02.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 沉默调节蛋白2(Sirtuin 2,SIRT2)是一种能够调节蛋白质乙酰化修饰的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD⁺)依赖性去乙酰化酶,是沉默信息调节因子(Sirtuins)家族成员之一,具有多种生物学功能,其在神经退化、细胞分化、葡萄糖和脂质代谢、肿瘤发生、细胞自噬等过程中均发挥调节作用。细胞自噬是一种通过清除异常蛋白或细胞器来维持机体稳态的保护机制,具有促进细胞更新和保持质量的作用。细胞自噬可分为3种主要形式,包括巨自噬、微自噬和分子伴侣介导的自噬,均通过溶酶体来对受损的细胞器、错误折叠和聚集的蛋白质及其他大分子物质进行降解或回收。其中,巨自噬研究最多,分为非选择性巨自噬(即常说的自噬)和选择性巨自噬。线粒体自噬是真核细胞中选择性去除或降解受损和多余线粒体的主要途径,也是SIRT2在细胞中主要调控的一种选择性巨自噬。作者主要综述了SIRT2在自噬及线粒体自噬上的调控作用及机制,以期为后续更深入地研究SIRT2在哺乳动物生理上的更多调控功能及其在各类疾病上的治疗作用提供参考和方向。

关键词: 沉默调节蛋白2(SIRT2); 自噬; 线粒体自噬; 调控机制

Abstract: Sirtuin 2(SIRT2) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) -dependent deacetylase capable of regulating protein acetylation modification, and is a member of the silence-message regulator family (Sirtuins), which has a variety of biological functions.It plays a regulatory role in neurodegeneration, cell differentiation, glucose and lipid metabolism, tumorigenesis, autophagy and other processes.Cellular autophagy is a protective mechanism that maintains body homeostasis by removing abnormal proteins or organelles, and has the role of promoting cell renewal and maintaining cell quality.Celluar autophagy can be divided into three main forms, including macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperon-mediated autophagy, all of which use lysosomes to degrade or recycle damaged organelles, misfolded and aggregated proteins, and other macromolecules, among which macroautophagy is the most studied, which is divided into macroautophagy (commonly known as autophagy) and selective macroautophagy.Mitochondrial autophagy is a major pathway for selective removal or degradation of damaged and redundant mitochondria in eukaryotic cells, and is also a selective macroautophagy mainly regulated by SIRT2 in cells.The authors mainly review the regulatory role and mechanism of SIRT2 on autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy, in order to provide reference and direction for further research on more regulatory functions of SIRT2 in mammalian physiology and its therapeutic effects on various diseases.

Key words: Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2); autophagy; mitophagy; regulation mechanism

中图分类号:

S852.2

秦天苗, 房晓欢, 李俊杰. SIRT2调控自噬的作用机制研究现状[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(2): 513-520.

QIN Tianmiao, FANG Xiaohuan, LI Junjie. Research Status on the Mechanism of SIRT2 Regulating Autophagy[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(2): 513-520.

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