脂肪相关lncRNAs在动物中的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.07.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

脂肪是动物体内重要的储能物质，与动物的瘦肉率等重要的经济性状密切相关。脂肪发育是一个复杂而精密的过程，受到多种脂肪生成相关基因、转录调节因子及表观遗传因子的共同调控。长链非编码RNAs （long non-coding RNAs，lncRNAs）是一类长度>200 nt的非编码RNAs，可以在转录、转录后及表观修饰等多个水平上调节靶基因的表达，进而调控生命活动。近年来有关lncRNAs的研究逐渐增多，其作用范围几乎覆盖了生命活动的各个方面，也有一些lncRNAs被证实在脂肪发育的过程中发挥重要的调控作用，如棕色脂肪lncRNA 1（Blnc1）可以通过核糖核蛋白复合物促进棕色和米色脂肪细胞分化，该复合物也能够与早期B细胞因子2（Ebf2）起作用以增强产热基因如解偶联蛋白1（Ucp1）的表达；lnc-BATE1是棕色脂肪组织形成和结合异质核核糖核蛋白U （hnRNPU）以发挥产热作用所需的调控因子；lncRNA SRA能与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ）结合并增强PPARγ活性及其他多种途径，促进前脂肪细胞向脂肪细胞的分化，进一步调控脂肪的功能。作者对lncRNAs的基本特征、作用机制及其研究方法等，以及国内外对于脂肪发育相关lncRNAs的研究结果进行了综述，以期为进一步探索lncRNAs对脂肪发育的调控机制提供参考。

关键词: lncRNAs; 脂肪发育; 调控机制

Abstract:

Fat is an important energy storage material in animals,and is closely related to important economic traits such as lean percent.The development of fat is a complex and accurate process which is regulated by a variety of lipogenesis-related genes,transcriptional regulators and epigenetic factors.Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is a type of non-coding RNAs with a transcription length greater than 200 nt,which can regulate the expression of target genes through many pathways such as in transcription level,post-transcriptional level and epigenetic modification level,and then regulate life activities of animals.In recent years,the research on lncRNAs has gradually increased,its functional scope covers almost all aspects of life activities,and some lncRNAs have been shown to play important regulatory roles in the process of fat development.For example,brown fat lncRNA 1 (Blnc1) was shown to promote brown and beige adipocyte differentiation through a ribonucleoprotein complex that acts through early B-cell factor 2 (Ebf2) to enhance expression of thermogenic genes such as uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1),and lnc-BATE1 is required for BAT adipogenesis and maintenance through binding with the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNPU).In addition,lncRNA SRA can promote preadipocytes to adipocytes differentiation and further regulate the function of fat through binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and enhance PPARγ activity and many other pathways.The authors reviews the basic characteristics,action mechanism and research methods of lncRNAs,as well as the research results of lncRNAs related to fat development at home and abroad,in order to provide a reference for further exploring the regulation mechanism of lncRNAs on fat development.

Key words: lncRNAs; fat development; regulation mechanism

中图分类号:

刘怡冰, 敖红, 邢凯, 王楚端. 脂肪相关lncRNAs在动物中的研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(7): 2021-2029.

LIU Yibing, AO Hong, XING Kai, WANG Chuduan. Research Progress on Fat-related lncRNAs in Animals[J]. , 2019, 46(7): 2021-2029.

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