林下菊苣草地放养对北京油鸡屠体性能、蛋肉品质、脂质代谢和免疫性能的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】比较分析林下菊苣草地放养与传统笼养对北京油鸡屠体性能、蛋肉品质、脂质代谢和免疫性能的影响。【方法】将体重相近的10周龄北京油鸡母鸡随机分为3组：传统笼养的对照组（CK）和林下菊苣草地放养组，放养密度分别为100只/667 m²（T1）和120只/667 m²（T2），采用草地放养与精料补饲相结合的方式，正试期95 d。试验结束后测定油鸡屠体性能和蛋肉品质，采集翅静脉血用于测定血液脂质代谢和免疫性能相关指标。【结果】与CK组相比，T1和T2组的全净膛率分别提高21.0%和21.6%（P<0.05）；胸肌必需氨基酸、胸肌肌苷酸（0.05<P<0.01）和蛋黄色泽、蛋黄重（P<0.05）等主要蛋肉品质指标均有提高趋势；血液总胆固醇和甘油三酯等脂质代谢指标均有降低趋势（0.05<P<0.1）；T淋巴细胞转化率等免疫指标亦有提高趋势（0.05<P<0.1）。与CK组相比，T1组的蛋重、蛋黄色泽和蛋黄重分别提高25.34%、38.3%和53.2%（P<0.05）。此外，与T2组相比，T1组胸肌粗灰分含量提高4.9%（P<0.05），腿肌粗蛋白质和总氨基酸含量分别提高11.8%和7.8%（P<0.05），腿肌粗脂肪含量显著降低25.9%（P<0.05）；鸡蛋蛋白高度提高55.5%、蛋黄色泽提高27.9%、蛋黄重提高40.6%（P<0.05）。【结论】林下菊苣草地放养对北京油鸡屠体性能、蛋肉品质、脂质代谢和免疫性能均有积极影响，其中T1组改善效果更优。

关键词: 林下草地放养; 北京油鸡; 蛋肉品质; 脂质代谢; 免疫性能

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of grazing on chicory grassland under forest and traditional cage system on the slaughter performance, egg quality, meat quality, lipid metabolism and immune performance of Beijing-You chickens.【Method】 The 10-week-old Beijing-You hens with similar weight were randomly divided into three groups and raised for 95 days:Grazing on chicory grassland under forest group, with grazing densities of 100 hens/677 m²(T1) and 120 hens/677 m²(T2), and the traditional cage system was used as the control group (CK), the grazing groups adopted a combination of grazing and concentrate supplementation.At the end of the experiment, slaughter performance, meat and egg qualities were measured, and blood samples collected from wing vein were used for the measurement of lipid metabolism and immune performance.【Result】 Compared with the CK group, the eviscerated yield in T1 and T2 groups were significantly increased by 21.0% and 21.6% (P<0.05), breast muscle essential amino acids, breast muscle inosine monophosphate (0.05<P<0.1), yolk color and yolk weight (P<0.05) had an increasing trend.Serum lipid metabolism indexes, such as total cholesterol and triglyceride were all decreased (0.05<P<0.1).T lymphocyte conversion rate also increased numerically (0.05<P<0.1).Compared with CK group, the egg weight, yolk color and yolk weight in T1 group was increased by 25.34%, 38.3% and 53.2% (P<0.05).Compared with T2 group, the crude ash content of breast muscle, the crude protein and total amino acid contents of thigh muscle in T1 group was increased by 4.9%, 11.8% and 7.8%, respectively (P<0.05), while the crude fat content of thigh muscle decreased by 25.9% (P<0.05).And the albumen height, yolk color and weight increased by 55.5%, 27.9% and 40.6% (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 The slaughter performance, egg quality, meat quality, lipid metabolism and immune performance of Beijing-You chickens were positively affected by grazing on chicory grassland under forest, and the improvement effect of T1 group was better.

Key words: grazing on grassland under forest; Beijing-You chickens; meat and egg qualities; lipid metabolism; immune performance

中图分类号:

S831.4

张苏晗, 孟林, 郭玉霞, 郑明利, 毛培春, 田小霞. 林下菊苣草地放养对北京油鸡屠体性能、蛋肉品质、脂质代谢和免疫性能的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(1): 114-124.

ZHANG Suhan, MENG Lin, GUO Yuxia, ZHENG Mingli, MAO Peichun, TIAN Xiaoxia. The Effects of Grazing on Chicory Grassland Under Forest on the Slaughter Performance, Egg Quality, Meat Quality, Lipid Metabolism and Immune Performance of Beijing-You Chickens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(1): 114-124.

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