动物寄生性线虫线粒体基因组研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.11.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 动物寄生性线虫是动物寄生虫中种类最多、数量最大的群体之一，可对人和家养及野生动物健康构成严重威胁。线粒体基因组是动物寄生性线虫唯一的核外遗传物质，是进行线虫虫种鉴定、遗传进化、系统发生以及防控研究重要的信息载体。随着高通量测序与生物信息学技术的不断发展，近年来，越来越多的动物寄生性线虫线粒体基因被破译，截止2022年2月28日，NCBI的GenBank中收录的动物寄生性线虫线粒体基因组已累计达283条，涉及213个物种，隶属尾感器和无尾感器2个亚纲。尽管如此，目前有关动物寄生性线虫线粒体基因组信息及其应用仍缺乏系统、全面的归纳、分析和总结。为此，作者总结了现有动物寄生性线虫线粒体基因组的结构与组成、碱基偏好、tRNA/AT富集区变化等特征，提出了动物寄生性线虫线粒体基因新的排列划分（即39种），并在此基础上对动物寄生性线虫线粒体基因组在线虫种群遗传、系统进化、分子流行病学与诊断等方面的应用进行概述，以期为动物寄生性线虫病防控研究提供信息参考。

关键词: 动物寄生性线虫; 线粒体基因组; 遗传进化

Abstract: Animal parasitic nematodes are one of the most diverse and abundant groups of animal parasites and pose severe threats to humans, domestic and wild animals.The mitogenome is the only extranuclear genetic material of animal parasitic nematodes and is an important information carrier for studying nematode species identification, genetic evolution and phylogenetics, as well as the prevention and control of nematodosis.In recent years, with the rapid development of next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics technology, more and more mitogenomes of animal parasitic nematodes were decoded, and up to February 28, 2022, there are 283 mitogenomes of animal parasitic nematodes deposited in GenBank of NCBI, including 213 nematode species, belonging to two subclasses of Secernentea and Adenophorea.Despite this, there is still a lack of systematic and comprehensive generalization about the characteristics and applications of animal parasitic nematode mitogenomes.Thus, this review aimed to summarize the structure and content, base preference, variations in tRNA/AT-enriched regions of the existing animal parasitic nematode mitogenomes which are sequenced so far and propose new gene arrangement (GA) divisions which contain 39 Gas, and also further concluded the mitogenome applications in population genetics, phylogeny, molecular epidemiology and diagnostics of animal parasitic nematodes, aiming to provide an informative reference for the prevention and control of animal nematodosis.

Key words: animal parasitic nematodes; mitogenomes; genetic evolution

中图分类号:

S855.9

王利丹, 谢跃. 动物寄生性线虫线粒体基因组研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(11): 4600-4611.

WANG Lidan, XIE Yue. Research Progress of Animal Parasitic Nematode Mitogenomes[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(11): 4600-4611.

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