动物源肺炎克雷伯菌致病性与耐药性研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.07.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 肺炎克雷伯菌是一种条件致病菌，广泛存在于水、土壤、植物和哺乳动物黏膜表面。在动物机体衰弱、免疫能力低下或长期使用抗菌药物等情况下，会引起人和动物感染。目前尽管有关于家禽、家畜和野生动物感染肺炎克雷伯菌病例的报道，并具有较高的病死率，但在动物中肺炎克雷伯菌引发的感染还未引起足够重视。肺炎克雷伯菌具有广泛的毒力谱，主要包括荚膜多糖、脂多糖、菌毛、铁载体等，多种因素相互作用从而表现出致病性。兽医临床上，肺炎克雷伯菌常引起动物肺炎、乳腺炎、子宫炎、膀胱炎、脑膜炎和败血症等。为应对肺炎克雷伯菌等革兰氏阴性菌感染造成的经济损失，β-内酰胺类、多黏菌素类、四环素类、氨基糖苷类和喹诺酮类等抗菌药在动物中被广泛使用，导致多重耐药菌株不断出现，肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药性不断增强。此外，多重耐药肺炎克雷伯菌的储存库包括动物及其产品，会在人与动物之间或动物与动物之间传播。现对肺炎克雷伯菌的致病性、毒力因子、耐药性和防治措施进行综述，为进一步控制和延缓耐药菌的出现和耐药传播提供思路，为新兽药或非抗生素替代品的开发提供参考。

关键词: 动物; 肺炎克雷伯菌; 致病性; 耐药性

Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae) is an opportunistic pathogen that exists widely in water, soil, plants, and the mucosal surfaces of mammals.When the body was weakened, the immunity of the body was decreased, or antimicrobial agents were prolonged use, which can cause various clinical infections in humans and animals.Although cases of K.pneumoniae infection in poultry, livestock, and wildlife have been reported with a high case-fatality rate, the infection caused by K.pneumoniae from animals has not received sufficient attention.K.pneumoniae has a wide virulence spectrum, mainly including capsule polysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae and siderophores.Various factors interacting with each other result in pathogenicity.K. pneumoniae often causes pneumonia, mastitis, metritis, cystitis, meningitis and septicemia in animal at veterinary clinics.In order to cope with the economic losses caused by Gram-negative bacteria infections such as K.pneumoniae, antibiotics such as beta-lactams, polymyxins, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and quinolones were widely used in animals, leading to the emergence of multiple-resistant strain from animal and the increasing resistance of K.pneumoniae.In addition, animals and their products were considered to be the reservoir of multi-resistant strains.And K.pneumoniae can spread between humans and animals or between animals.This paper reviewed the pathogenicity, virulence factors, drug resistance and control measure of K.pneumoniae, providing recommendations for further control and delay of the emergence and spread of drug-resistant bacteria, and providing instructions for the development of novel veterinary drugs or non-antibiotic alternatives.

Key words: animals; Klebsiella pneumoniae; pathogenicity; drug resistance

中图分类号:

S852.61

盛席静, 张凡, 刘方佳, 刘泉, 曹征征, 胡天宇, 李东华, 吴梦慧, 戴梦红. 动物源肺炎克雷伯菌致病性与耐药性研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(7): 2966-2973.

SHENG Xijing, ZHANG Fan, LIU Fangjia, LIU Quan, CAO Zhengzheng, HU Tianyu, LI Donghua, WU Menghui, DAI Menghong. Research Progress on Pathogenicity and Drug Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Animals[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(7): 2966-2973.

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