草甘膦动物毒性的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.07.042

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 草甘膦是一种灭生性有机磷除草剂，因具有成本低、内吸传导性强和杀草谱广等特性而在全球范围内被广泛使用。草甘膦的大量使用不仅破环了生态系统，残留在环境中的草甘膦还可以通过生物富集作用在动物体内积累并沿食物链传播，对非靶标生物产生毒性作用。作者总结了国内外草甘膦毒性的相关研究进展，概述了其作用机理、使用情况及污染现状，整理分析了滥用草甘膦对非靶标生物产生的毒性作用，重点探讨了草甘膦对水生、陆生以及两栖动物的毒性作用（如神经毒性、氧化毒性、生殖毒性、基因毒性以及致畸、致癌作用等）。此外，进一步总结了草甘膦动物毒性作用的主要毒理学机制（如引起氧化应激、促进细胞凋亡、破坏神经传导等），初步提出了该研究领域亟待解决的关键问题，并对今后草甘膦的合理使用及其动物毒性的相关研究进行了展望，旨在为草甘膦动物毒性的深入研究及其使用中的环境风险评估提供参考依据。

关键词: 草甘膦; 水生动物; 陆生动物; 两栖动物; 毒性

Abstract: Glyphosate is an organophosphorus herbicide, which is widely used due to its low cost, strong systemic conductivity, and broad herbicidal spectrum.The extensive use of glyphosate not only destroys the ecosystem, but also accumulates in animals through bioaccumulation and spreads along the food chain, producing toxic effects on non-target organisms.Combined with domestic and foreign research progress, the authors overviewed the action mechanism, use and pollution status of glyphosate, and analyzed the toxic effects of glyphosate abuse on non-target organisms.The toxic effects of glyphosate on aquatic, terrestrial and amphibian animals were mainly discussed, such as neurotoxicity, oxidative toxicity, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity.In addition, the authors further summarized the main toxicological mechanisms of glyphosate toxicity in animals (such as causing oxidative stress, promoting cell apoptosis, damaging nerve conduction), initially put forward the key issues that need to be solved in this research field, and looked forward to the reasonable use of glyphosate and related research on animal toxicity in the future.The purpose of this paper was to provide reference basis for the in-depth study of glyphosate toxicity in animals and the environmental risk assessment in its use.

Key words: glyphosate; aquatic animals; terrestrial animals; amphibians; toxicity

中图分类号:

S859.8

刘田, 江海圳, 张海森, 肖博楠, 金梦冬, 靳亚平, 陈华涛. 草甘膦动物毒性的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(7): 3026-3033.

LIU Tian, JIANG Haizhen, ZHANG Haisen, XIAO Bonan, JIN Mengdong, JIN Yaping, CHEN Huatao. Research Progress on Animals Toxicity of Glyphosate[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(7): 3026-3033.

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