饲粮能氮比对简州大耳羊生长性能及养分消化代谢的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.07.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】本试验旨在研究全价颗粒饲粮代谢能/总氮（ME/N）和性别对全舍饲简州大耳羊生长性能及养分消化代谢的影响。【方法】采用2×4两因素试验设计，选择健康、体况良好的5月龄简州大耳羊64只，公羊（26.56 kg±2.96 kg）和母羊（25.75 kg±2.46 kg）各32只，公母各随机分成4组，每组8只羊，分别饲喂ME/N为0.59、0.51、0.43、0.35的全价颗粒饲粮，过渡期5 d，预饲期10 d后进行30 d饲养试验，再按照平均体重每组选择4只羊开展为期11 d的全收粪尿消化代谢试验（预饲7 d，正试期4 d）。【结果】①饲粮ME/N显著影响试验羊平均日增重（ADG）和干物质采食量（DMI）（P＜0.05），在ME/N为0.43时ADG达到最佳（259±58 g/d）；试验公羊ADG和DMI显著高于试验母羊（P＜0.05），饲粮ME/N和性别对DMI具有显著的交互作用（P＜0.05）。②随着ME/N降低，试验羊尿能（UE）显著增加（P＜0.05），对总能摄入量（GEI）、粪能（FE）、消化能（DE）和总能（GE）表观消化率无显著影响（P＞0.05）；试验公羊GEI、FE、DE均显著高于试验母羊（P＜0.05）。③随着饲粮ME/N降低，试验羊摄入氮（NI）和氮表观消化率均显著增加（P＜0.05），公羊NI、沉积氮（NR）、净蛋白利用率（NPU）和氮的生物学价值（BV）均显著高于母羊（P＜0.05）。④随着饲粮ME/N降低，试验羊粗脂肪（EE）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）的表观消化率先增加后降低（P＜0.05），其他养分消化率无显著变化（P＞0.05）；公羊干物质（DM）、磷（P）、ADF、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）的表观消化率均显著高于母羊（P＜0.05）；性别和饲粮ME/N对养分表观消化率无显著交互作用（P＞0.05）。【结论】当全价颗粒饲粮能量一致，适当降低ME/N（增加N浓度）可以显著提高全舍饲生长育肥期简州大耳羊生长性能和养分表观消化率，但继续降低ME/N不能提高试验羊生长性能和养分消化代谢，在本试验条件下最适的饲粮ME/N为0.43；生长育肥期公羊对养分消化代谢及生长性能均优于同期母羊。

关键词: 能氮比; 简州大耳羊; 表观消化率; 能量代谢; 氮代谢

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment was conducted to study the effects of complete pellet diet energy to nitrogen ratio (ME/N) and gender on growth performance, nutrient digestion and metabolism of Jianzhou Da'er goats in house feeding.【Method】 Using 2×4 two factors experimental design, 64 five-month-old healthy Jianzhou Da'er goats were selected,32 males (26.56 kg±2.96 kg) and 32 females (25.75 kg±2.46 kg) were randomly divided into 4 groups respectively, with 8 goats in each group, and they were fed complete pellet diets with the ME/N of 0.59, 0.51, 0.43 and 0.35,respectively. After 5 days transition and 10 days adaption, 30 days feeding trial were carried out, after that, 4 goats were selected in each group according to the average weight for a 11-day digestion and metabolism trial, the total collection of feces and urine was conducted for 4 days after a 7-day adaptation.【Results】 ①The ADG and DMI of the test goats were affected by ME/N significantly (P＜0.05), and ADG was the hightest (259 g/d±58 g/d) when ME/N was 0.43. ADG and DMI in test rams were significantly higher than those in ewes (P＜0.05). There was a significant interaction between dietary ME/N level and gender on DMI (P＜0.05). ②UE was increased significantly (P＜0.05), GEI, FE, DE and apparent digestibility of GE had no significant difference (P＞0.05) with the decrease of ME/N. GEI,FE and DE in test rams were significantly higher than those in ewes (P＜0.05).③NI and N apparent digestibility were significantly increased with the decrease of dietary ME/N (P＜0.05). NI,NR,NPU and BV in test rams were significantly higher than those in ewes (P＜0.05). ④The apparent digestibility of EE and ADF increased first and then decreased (P＜0.05), while the others had no significant change (P＞0.05) with the decrease of ME/N. The apparent digestibility of DM, P, ADF and NDF in test rams were higher than that in ewes (P＜0.05). There was no significant interaction between dietary ME/N level and gender on nutrient apparent digestibility (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】 When the dietary energy concentrations were the same, reducing ME/N (increasing N concentration) appropriately could improve the growth performance of Jianzhou Da'er goats during growing-fattening period, but continuously reducing ME/N could not improve the growth performance, nutrient digestion and metabolism of the goats. Under this experimental conditions, the complete pellet diet with an ME/N of 0.43 was more suitable. Rams had better digestion and metabolism of nutrients and growth performance than ewes during the growth and fattening period.

Key words: energy to nitrogen ratio; Jianzhou Da'er goats; apparent digestibility; energy metabolism; nitrogen metabolism

中图分类号:

S827.5

付敏, 陈天宝, 赖靖雯, 欧阳佚亭, 陈敏, 曾洪良. 饲粮能氮比对简州大耳羊生长性能及养分消化代谢的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(7): 2523-2533.

FU Min, CHEN Tianbao, LAI Jingwen, OUYANG Yiting, CHEN Min, ZENG Hongliang. Effects of Dietary Energy to Nitrogen Ratios on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Metabolism of Jianzhou Da'er Goats[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(7): 2523-2533.

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