独龙牛和云岭牛初乳的理化特性比较

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.06.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】通过对独龙牛（Bos frontalis）和云岭牛初乳成分测定，揭示两牛种初乳成分的差异性。【方法】采集独龙牛和云岭牛（年龄、胎次和饲养管理基本一致）分娩第1天初乳样品共45份，测定其乳蛋白、乳脂肪、乳糖、总固形物（TS）、非脂固形物（SNF）和乳尿素氮（MUN）含量及体细胞数（SCC）和冰点（FP），采用独立样本t检验比较独龙牛和云岭牛初乳成分差异。【结果】独龙牛初乳中乳蛋白、乳脂肪、TS、SNF含量分别为16.77%、4.70%、27.82%和22.39%，比云岭牛的分别高28.11%（P<0.01）、5.38%（P>0.05）、22.45%（P<0.01）和26.93%（P<0.01）；乳糖、MUN含量和SCC分别为2.98%、354.2 mg/L和35.73×10⁴/mL，比云岭牛的分别低10.38%（P<0.05）、39.63%（P<0.01）和78.60%（P<0.01）；FP为－0.5337 ℃，比云岭牛的高0.1383 ℃（P<0.01）；乳脂蛋白比（FPR）为0.266，比云岭牛的低0.131（P>0.05）。【结论】独龙牛和云岭牛分娩第1天的初乳成分存在较大差异，独龙牛初乳营养价值较高。

关键词: 独龙牛; 云岭牛; 初乳; 理化特性

Abstract: 【Objective】 The composition of colostrum of Dulong cattle (Bos frontalis) and Yunling cattle were determined to obtain the difference of colostrum composition between these two breeds.【Method】 45 colostrum samples of Dulong cattle and Yunling cattle (under the same condition of age, parity and feeding management) were collected to determinate milk protein, milk fat, lactose, total solids (TS), non-fat solids (SNF), milk urea nitrogen (MUN), somatic cell counts (SCC) and freezing point (FP) on the first day after delivery.The independent t-test was subsequently utilized to compare the colostrum composition between Dulong cattle and Yunling cattle on the first day after postpartum.【Result】 The contents of protein, fat, TS and SNF in colostrun of Dulong cattle were 16.77%, 4.70%, 27.82% and 22.39%, which were 28.11% (P<0.01), 5.38% (P>0.05), 22.45% (P<0.01) and 26.93% (P<0.01) higher than those of Yunling cattle, respectively.The contents of lactose and MUN and SCC were 2.98%, 354.2 mg/L and 35.73×10⁴/mL, respectively, which were 10.38% (P<0.05), 39.63% (P<0.01) and 78.06% (P<0.01), respectively, lower than those of Yunling cattle.FP of Dulong cattle was -0.5337 ℃, which was 0.1383 ℃ (P<0.01) higher than that of Yunling cattle.Milk fat-protein ratio (FPR) was 0.266, which was 0.131 lower than that of Yunling cattle (P>0.05).【Conclusion】 The colostrum compositions of the two breeds were significantly different on the first day after postpartum, and the colostrum of Dulong cattle had notably higher nutritional value.

Key words: Dulong cattle; Yunling cattle; colostrum; physicochemical characterization

中图分类号:

S813.9

和占星, 黄梅芬, 成玉梅, 张泉鹏, 张继才, 杨凯, 王安奎, 周亚平, 黄必志. 独龙牛和云岭牛初乳的理化特性比较[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(6): 2156-2164.

HE Zhanxing, HUANG Meifen, CHENG Yumei, ZHANG Quanpeng, ZHANG Jicai, YANG Kai, WANG Ankui, ZHOU Yaping, HUANG Bizhi. Comparison of Colostrum Physicochemical Characterization Between Dulong Cattle and Yunling Cattle[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(6): 2156-2164.

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