北京地区荷斯坦牛乳糖率影响因素分析及遗传参数估计

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.12.020

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 4520-4529.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.12.020

北京地区荷斯坦牛乳糖率影响因素分析及遗传参数估计

余厚默¹, 竹磊^1,2, 张海亮¹, 常瑶¹, 杨桐桐¹, 郭刚³, 刘林⁴, 王雅春¹

1. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖(家畜)重点实验室, 畜禽育种国家工程实验室, 北京 100193;
2. 新疆农业大学动物科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
3. 北京首农畜牧发展有限公司, 北京 100176;
4. 北京奶牛中心, 北京 100192

收稿日期:2021-06-24 出版日期:2021-12-20 发布日期:2021-12-02
通讯作者: 王雅春 E-mail:wangyachun@cau.edu.cn
作者简介:余厚默(2000-),男,羌族,重庆人,本科生,研究方向:动物科学,E-mail:yuhoumo7791@cau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS_36）；长江学者和创新团队发展计划（IRT_15R62）；农业品种改良提升专项（2130135）；北京三元种业科技股份有限公司自立科研课题（SYZYZ20190005）

Analysis of Influencing Factors and Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Lactose Percentage in Holstein Cows in Beijing

YU Houmo¹, ZHU Lei^1,2, ZHANG Hailiang¹, CHANG Yao¹, YANG Tongtong¹, GUO Gang³, LIU Lin⁴, WANG Yachun¹

1. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (MARA), National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
3. Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Company Limited, Beijing 100176, China;
4. Beijing Dairy Cattle Center, Beijing 100192, China

Received:2021-06-24 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2021-12-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究非遗传因素对荷斯坦牛测定日乳糖率(lactose percentage,LP)的影响,并估计测定日乳糖率的遗传力及其与体细胞评分(somatic cell score,SCS)、产奶量之间的遗传相关,试验收集了北京地区2017－2019年6个牧场11 554头荷斯坦牛的测定日生产性能记录,采用Mixed模型分析了影响测定日乳糖率的非遗传因素,基于DMU软件的DMUAI模块使用重复力模型估计了测定日乳糖率、SCS和产奶量的遗传参数,分析了测定日乳糖率的遗传趋势。结果显示,北京地区荷斯坦牛测定日乳糖率平均值为5.10%,胎次、泌乳阶段、牧场、测定年和测定季节对乳糖率均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。北京地区荷斯坦牛测定日乳糖率的遗传力估计值为0.097,高于同群体SCS性状;重复力估计值为0.162。1994-2019年,乳糖率性状的估计育种值总体呈升高趋势。乳糖率与SCS、产奶量之间分别存在中等至低的遗传相关,遗传相关系数分别为-0.49和0.28。上述结果表明,在遗传水平上,乳糖率越高的个体,其产奶量越高,体细胞数越低。本研究在中国牛群中对测定日乳糖率的遗传建模分析进行了有益尝试,利用大规模数据初步揭示了测定日乳糖率的遗传规律。

关键词: 乳糖率; 体细胞评分; 产奶量; 奶牛; 乳房健康

Abstract: In order to explore the impacts of non-genetic factors on test-day lactose percentage(LP) in Holstein cows, and estimate the heritability of test-day LP and its genetic correlations with somatic cell score (SCS) and milk yield (MY), the test-day DHI records of 11 554 lactating cows from 6 herds were collected from 2017 to 2019 in Beijing.A mixed linear model was used to analyze the impacts of influencing factors affecting test-day LP, and the repeatability model were employed to estimate the genetic parameters for test-day LP, SCS and MY using the DMUAI module of DMU software.Furthermore, the genetic trend of test-day LP was also analyzed.The results showed that the average of test-day LP was 5.10% in Holstein cows in Beijing.The parity, lactation stage, herd, test year and test season had extremely significant impacts on LP (P<0.01).The heritability estimate for test-day LP was 0.097, which was higher than that of SCS, and the repeatability estimate was 0.162 in Holstein cows in Beijing.In general, an increasing trend was observed according to estimated breeding value of test-day LP from 1994 to 2019.The genetic correlations of LP with SCS (-0.49) and MY (0.28) were moderate to low, which indicated the cows with higher LP would have the higher MY and the lower somatic cell count.In this study, the results were beneficial for in-depth genetic modeling analysis for test-day LP, and the genetic foundation of test-day LP was initially revealed.

Key words: lactose percentage; somatic cell score; milk yield; dairy cows; breast health

中图分类号:

S823

余厚默, 竹磊, 张海亮, 常瑶, 杨桐桐, 郭刚, 刘林, 王雅春. 北京地区荷斯坦牛乳糖率影响因素分析及遗传参数估计[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(12): 4520-4529.

YU Houmo, ZHU Lei, ZHANG Hailiang, CHANG Yao, YANG Tongtong, GUO Gang, LIU Lin, WANG Yachun. Analysis of Influencing Factors and Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Lactose Percentage in Holstein Cows in Beijing[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(12): 4520-4529.

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北京地区荷斯坦牛乳糖率影响因素分析及遗传参数估计

Analysis of Influencing Factors and Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Lactose Percentage in Holstein Cows in Beijing

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