氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚及便秘对后备母猪同期分娩效果的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.04.019

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 1323-1333.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.04.019

氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚及便秘对后备母猪同期分娩效果的影响

高红梅¹, 刘运鹏², 张龙超¹, 王立刚¹, 赵福平¹, 刘欣¹, 侯欣华¹, 颜华¹, 翁士乔³, 田见晖⁴, 王立贤¹

1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
2. 青岛农业大学动物科技学院, 青岛 266109;
3. 宁波三生生物科技有限公司, 宁波 315000;
4. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193

收稿日期:2020-11-27 出版日期:2021-04-20 发布日期:2021-04-16
通讯作者: 王立贤 E-mail:iaswlx@263.net
作者简介:高红梅(1982-),女,山西大同人,博士,助理研究员,研究方向:猪遗传育种与繁殖,E-mail:635716702@qq.com
基金资助:
"十三五"国家重点研发计划课题（2017YFD0501901）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIIP-IAS02）

Effects of Cloprostenol Sodium,Antepartum Backfat Thickness and Constipation on Synchronized Parturition in Primiparous

GAO Hongmei¹, LIU Yunpeng², ZHANG Longchao¹, WANG Ligang¹, ZHAO Fuping¹, LIU Xin¹, HOU Xinhua¹, YAN Hua¹, WENG Shiqiao³, TIAN Jianhui⁴, WANG Lixian¹

1. Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
3. Ningbo Sansheng Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315000, China;
4. College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received:2020-11-27 Online:2021-04-20 Published:2021-04-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在研究氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚、便秘对后备母猪同期分娩集中度和生产性能的影响，并进一步探讨母猪同期分娩的最优方案。选取后备母猪共295头，根据妊娠期110 d时P2点处的背膘厚，随机分为3组：对照组（CON组：0.9%生理盐水）、低剂量氯前列醇钠组（LPG组：0.1 mg氯前列醇钠）、高剂量氯前列醇钠组（HPG组：0.2 mg氯前列醇钠），于妊娠期114 d进行阴户部注射诱导分娩。结果表明，与对照组相比，高、低剂量氯前列醇钠均可显著缩短母猪从注射到分娩的时间间隔（P<0.05），且两试验组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。但是，LPG组后备母猪在注射氯前列醇钠后48 h内的分娩率高达95%，并且白天分娩率达75.7%。此外，LPG组后备母猪的产仔间隔也显著短于CON组（P<0.05）。同时本研究发现，背膘厚在16~20 mm范围内的后备母猪从注射到分娩的时间间隔显著短于背膘厚≤15 mm的后备母猪（P<0.05）；便秘指数0~1.0组后备母猪的产程和产仔间隔均显著大于便秘指数1.1~2.0组及2.1~3.0组的后备母猪（P<0.05）。进一步回归分析发现，母猪背膘厚分别与产程、总产仔数、活仔数存在极显著线性相关（P<0.01），母猪便秘指数分别与产程、产仔间隔、总产仔数、活仔数存在极显著线性相关（P<0.01）。综上所述，在妊娠期114 d对后备母猪阴户部注射0.1 mg氯前列醇钠诱导分娩，不仅可显著加快母猪分娩的进程，而且还可大大节约药物成本。此外，母猪产前背膘厚和便秘均会影响母猪同期分娩的效果，应使母猪分娩前保持最佳的背膘厚（16~20 mm），且避免母猪便秘，方可保证同期分娩的顺利实施。

关键词: 同期分娩; 后备母猪; 氯前列醇钠; 背膘厚; 便秘

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cloprostenol sodium,antepartum backfat thickness,and constipation on gilts synchronized parturition and reproductive performance following farrowing induction.Furthermore,the optimal scheme of synchronous parturition for primiparous was discussed.A total of 295 gilts were involved in this study.The backfat thickness at point P2 was measured on 110 d of gestation,and gilts were randomly divided into 3 groups:control (CON group:0.9% saline),low-dose of cloprostenol sodium (LPG group:0.1 mg),and high-dose of cloprostenol sodium (HPG group:0.2 mg),farrowing induction were performed on 114 d of gestation via perivulvar injection.The results showed that compared with CON group,the duration was significantly shortened from injection to farrowing both in LPG and HPG gilts (P<0.05),but the difference between the LPG and HPG group was not significant (P>0.05).It was worth noting that,as higher as 95% of gilts started farrowing within 48 hours after injection in LPG group,of which the proportion of daytime farrowing reached up to 75.7%.In addition,the birth interval of gilts in LPG group were significantly shorten than CON group (P<0.05).Meanwhile,it was found that the gilts with backfat thickness in the range of 16-20 mm was significantly shorter the duration from injection to farrowing than that of gilts with backfat thickness ≤15 mm (P<0.05).Moreover,the birth duration and farrowing interval of gilts in the constipation index range from 0-1.0 group were significantly longer than those in the constipation index range 1.1-2.0 and 2.1-3.0 groups (P<0.05).Through regression analysis,it was further found that the backfat thickness of gilts were significantly linearly correlated with the farrowing duration,total born,and number of born alive (P<0.01).Furthermore,constipation index was a significantly linear correlated with farrowing duration,birth interval,total born,and number of born alive (P<0.01).In conclusion,administration of the low-dose cloprostenol sodium for gilts on 114 d of gestation via perivulvar injection was recommended,since it had advantages in shorten the onset of start farrowing without considerable negative effects on gilts and piglets,as well as reducing cost of the active ingredient.In addition,both the backfat thickness and constipation of gilts before farrowing seemed to be factors impact on the effect of synchronized parturition.It was necessary to maintaining moderate (16-20 mm) backfat thickness and avoiding constipation before gilts' farrowing.

Key words: synchronized parturition; primiparous; cloprostenol sodium; backfat thickness; constipation

中图分类号:

S828.9

高红梅, 刘运鹏, 张龙超, 王立刚, 赵福平, 刘欣, 侯欣华, 颜华, 翁士乔, 田见晖, 王立贤. 氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚及便秘对后备母猪同期分娩效果的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(4): 1323-1333.

GAO Hongmei, LIU Yunpeng, ZHANG Longchao, WANG Ligang, ZHAO Fuping, LIU Xin, HOU Xinhua, YAN Hua, WENG Shiqiao, TIAN Jianhui, WANG Lixian. Effects of Cloprostenol Sodium,Antepartum Backfat Thickness and Constipation on Synchronized Parturition in Primiparous[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(4): 1323-1333.

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氯前列醇钠、产前背膘厚及便秘对后备母猪同期分娩效果的影响

Effects of Cloprostenol Sodium,Antepartum Backfat Thickness and Constipation on Synchronized Parturition in Primiparous

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